Research On The Xuantu Prefecture

"Xuantu" is originally a tribe name. "Xuantu" refers to the tribe whose name is "Woju".The Xuantu Prefecture was founded in the south of Woju. After uniting four prefectures, theEmperor Hanzhao made them settle in Xuantu and thereafter Xuantu Prefecture underwentmany times of migrating, which makes "Xuantu" has nothing to do with Woju. But the nameof "Xuantu" is still used. In other words, Xuantu Prefecture's many times of movement justchanged the extent, prefecture's territory and county. While neither changed the name ofprefecture, nor moved the former population in it's territory.This paper theoretically discusses the political thought of managing borderland whencentral state and sovereignty in borderland set prefectures and counties. I also make thetextual research on the land of Xuantu Prefecture and reconfirm the geographic position of thecounties under the charge of it. To compare the official system of Xuantu with the centraldynasty is to emphasis that Xuantu is one of the important parts in China's administrativedivisions. The whole paper is composed of introduction, main body and conclusion.In the introduction, I define the "Xuantu Prefecture" which is referred in my paper andnarrate the today's research of Xuantu Prefecture. I also point out the research value of mypaper.The main body is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is about the historicalmotive of setting Xuantu Prefecture. I mainly introduce the historical situation of Jishi Koreaand Weishi Korea before the foundation of Xuantu. Since Jizi reached to Korea, Jishi Koreawas absorbed into Western Zhou's system of dividing and enfeoffing. The following WeishiKorea as the "guest" was also subject to the sovereignty of Western Han. Since Weishi Koreabecame strong and out of the charge of Western Han from the hand of Youqu who was thegrandsun of Weiman. The Emperor Hanwu destroyed it and set the famous "Four Prefecturesof Han" in its territory, which provided the historical chance for the setting of Xuantu andmade Western Han Dynasty changed the ruling idea to Northern Korean Island from "thesystem of enforcement" to "the system of prefectures and counties". In the following part, Iintroduce the geographic feature of Lelang Prefecture, Lintun Prefecture, Zhenfan Prefectureand Xuantu Prefecture, which paved the way for the comparison with Xuantu Prefecture andtoday's position.In the second chapter, I mainly make the textual research on the installation and movingof Xuantu Prefecture. This part narrates the foundation of Xuantu Prefecture in the period ofEmperor Hanwu of Western Han. Then I discuss the "Three times Moving and Four timesSetting" of Xuantu Prefecture. That is, Emperor Hanzhao of Western Han made theconformity of the four prefectures and moved it to the north;The Emperor An of Eastern Hanremoved it again;in the period of Wei and Jin Dynasty, it moved to Liaoxi. In the following Iexamine today's position of the first, the second, the third and the fourth Xuantu Prefecture'sgovernment and attached counties. On this basis, I discuss further the social factors thatcaused the movement of Xuantu Prefecture, the local setting system of Northeast.In the third chapter, I discuss the official system of Xuantu Prefecture. I mainly make astudy of authority of Xuantu Prefecture Chief and Xuantu Chief that was written in historicalworks. I introduce the officials in counties of Xuantu Prefecture, because in the present, it isshort of the record about the county officials of Xuantu Prefecture. This chapter mainlypresents the Xuantu Prefecture Chief in the period of Westen and Eastern Han, Wei and JinDynasty and the authority of Xuantu Prefecture Chief. I use the ruling time of XuantuPrefecture written in historical works as the clue, which will be good to make clear the localofficial system of Northeast.In the fourth chapter, I discuss the ruling method of Xuantu Prefecture to local nation.During the movement of Xuantu Prefecture, the nations that under its rule also changed withit, no doubt, its attached nations should be one part of Xuantu Prefecture. In all the nationsunder the charge of Xuantu Prefecture, no nation was always under the rule of it from thebeginning to the end. Among all of these nations, there were some big nations, such as Woju,Gaogouli, Fuyu and so on. The prefecture chief controled the Fuyu with the method ofdividing. Xuantu standed for Han Empire to make marriage with Yuxia, which was a goodway to build good relationship. Zhu Meng established the power system in Xuantu Prefectureof Western Han (the second Xuantu Prefecture), which located in the range of Gaogouli, andexpanded it into a independent kingdom. From then on, Gao gouli became to use the samesystem with Xuantu. With the migrating of Xuantu Prefecture, both the nation of Fuyu andGaogouli changed from inside nation to outside nation.