In The Tang Confucian Studies, And Literature

Confucianism, as a ruling ideology through feudalism, had a profound influence on social development. As a main ideology, it also controlled and constrained each part of the superstructure of specific times, such as literature, history, philosophy and so on. At the same time, once the literary works were created, it also had the positive effect on the temporary Confucianism. In short, Confucianism and literature influence on each other.In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Confucianism presented some new features, and echoed with the new atmosphere of the literature. The change of the mid-Tang Dynasty Confucianism also caused literary innovation, in reverse, the innovation of the mid-Tang literature facilitated Confucianism to change further. This article will focus on these in the broad setting of the mid-Tang Dynasty, and clarifies the inner relation and the evolutionary process between the mid-Tang Confucianism and the mid-Tang literature. and attempts to explain some specific reasons that the mid-Tang literature occupied an important status in the literary history and the academic history. Consequently, it is proved the mid-Tang academic is an important turning point in the Chinese ancient learning.The paper altogether is divided seven parts. The chapters are: Introduction; Heavy"rescues chaos"mid-Tang Confucianism; the meaning of theory-Ming Dao Zheng Xin about Confucianism; Tang literature's innovation and Confucianism; Tang literature schools and Confucianism in later period; Tang Dynasty's famous persons in Confucianism and literatary thoughts, conclusion and so on.The introduction at the beginning of outline summarises the relations between Confucianism and literature in early-Tang and Prosperious-Tang time, as well as the situations of Confucianism and literature in mid-Tang. The mid-Tang studied begins in DaLi 5-year and finishes in YuanHe 14-year, and it is divided into two issues. The neglect of"Nei-Sheng"is the historical flaw of Confucianism in early-Tang, it is also the limitation of the official cultural policy. Under this control, the Tang literature is optimistic and bright, and it has the enterprising main note and the great strength of spirit. The positive glorious spirit of Tang Dynasty which the intellectuals have is in close connection with the Confucianist"outside the king"study .The glorious age of Tang's scholars value utility and consider the world positively,which is different from the behaviors of the Six Dynasties's scholars who are aloof from world affairs .But, on the other hand ,meantime the profound content of Confucianism-- the saint study was not paid fully attention. They universally suggested that the individuality should be widely known, which did not follow Confucianist's ethics three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues. Then the article concretely exposes present situation of Tang Confucianism and literature the lingking to the spirit.Chapter 1 launches the discussion to the earlier period of Tang Dynasty's Confucianism and the literature's relations. In the DaLi time, the reality of the fades of the national strength brought about the changes of the initiation thought culture change. This kind of change first noticeably reflected in the literature domain, exerts oneself spiritedly rules the country the sound to transform sadly into indignant and excited fades the world to sing. This time one of literature positive senses, lies in the revelation society and the political wound, impels the person with lofty ideals to seek inspires fades my the Taoist skill. The meantime progressive scholar's already realized must come by Confucianism to enlighten, the department will of the people, then the guidance society moved towards is stable and prosperous."By the power auxiliary with, from rescues suitably chaotic"and"by the collar article, by the article auxiliary lane"the position, is this time circle of thinkers rich positive sense demonstration. On the Confucianist classical word, "Spring and Autumn Period" school of thought governing after the method, has the inheritance on the concrete link in the predecessor. To the historical fact confirmation, the request has the solid basis, this quite close classical Chinese literature school of thought school tradition; To righteousness principle explanation, the attention has an unconventional idea, also is similar with the Jinwen school of thought. But, it in has a unique style as a whole, with traditional now, the classical economics all has the very big difference. Factual record of, the thought and the innovation spirit of very practical use the this school of thought, have the huge influence to meantime and later literature creation.In the second chapter centralise elaboration Tang later period Confucianism Mingdao Zhengxin heart idea of. Yuan He is relatively loose, Pure Brightness political context, causes the indanthrene atmosphere for it big change. The general scholars hold the participation politics enthusiasm generally and self-confident, formed Tang later period to pay attention to the realistic life, the positive enterprising community prevailing custom, the concrete manifestation for the intense political sense of responsibility, the deep realistic concern,"nine did not die the regret"participates in government the practice and so on. Tang later period Confucianism development, with this time and former history cultural context close correlation. Meantime Confucianism newly changes the concrete manifestation for to derive the pre-qin Confucianism abstruse and profound content, rejects releases, said, reveres Confucianism, blends together Buddha, the road essence by the rich Confucianism theory, the Confucianist disposition discusses the development which discusses with the road and so on. Tang later period Confucianism newly changes the special characteristic is in the attention the saint, honors the shangyi principle.Chapter 3 studies Tang later period Confucianism newly changes the special characteristic is in the attention the saint, honors the shangyi principle. Tang later period writer in order to inspire the national prestige again, restores the prosperity stability the glorious age of Tang poetry picture, firm will reforms in the thought culture domain, explores and develops richly the spirit, welcomed Confucianism to change newly. But Confucianism took the Tang later period mainstream rule thought, it changed newly brings in the literature creation to hasten wonderfully still different, the endeavour was novel and clever. Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen and so on have in the poetic world initiative satirizes the edict nature the new musical conservatory poetry and Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and so on raises in the literary arena take the classical Chinese literature as the model literature movement, besides has the profound innovation in the content, in the literature style also presents the change. Confucianism is thought of foundation the Tang literature innovation. In the Tang literary work also has the obvious Confucianism moral character, is provides relief the idea and ethics mood entity.In the fourth chapter elaborates Tang literature school and Confucianism interaction relations. This chapter thought the classical Chinese literature movement has made a connection Confucianism and the literature relation, and promoted Tang later period Confucianism newly to change, both entered the paragenesis mutually. By Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and so on"the Confucian orthodoxy"which forms for the outstanding representative's classical Chinese literature work and"the article series"the special characteristic are hereafter the prose creation basic standard. Satirizes the edict school of poetry the appearance is the time product, satirizes the edict school of poetry work the theory direction main performance for to maintain the universal political power, people this thought, the deep sense of hardship and implements Confucianist it"the poem to teach", inquired into satirizes the edict school of poetry's in history of literature contribution.Chapter 5 researches for typical case, in detailed discussion Tang representative writer's Confucianism and literature thought. This chapter accepted process of, main contribution and under this contemplation stratification planes and so on literature thought from the concrete writer made to Confucianism thought the Confucianism which arranges in order the special festival to search separately has analyzed Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in this aspect performance. Thought these writers the reason that to obtain the outstanding achievement in the literature has the profound Confucianism thought with them to be inseparable, removes them the achievement which obtained in Confucianism and the literature thought aspect, entire Tang academic culture greatly for inferior.The conclusion elaborates having discovered taking Han Yu as the main representative's Tang scholar community since the foundation of Tang utilizes Confucianism theory the significant flaw, namely the neglect serves using Confucianist's disposition theory for the consolidated political power. Kong, Meng study studying of vigorously the Character, advocated the heart sincerity, so-called"in the saint"studies to the later generation takes. The later generation politics thinker analyzes the Confucianist theory is"in the saint"and"outside the king", advocates lays equal stress on both, in the period of Mid-Tang. As for advocated strongly by"in the saint"studies controls"outside the king"studying, really also starts in Han Yu in and so on Tang later period the scholar. On the Tang literature word, Tang Fengyu the poetry in the attention, the grief livelihood of the people hardship, the exposition, the critique politics malpractice aspect, exceeds the predecessor without doubt. Although the time starts from "Poetry", such work is not rare, but, this time has the so multitudinous writers to devote likely to this, reflected the social life surface is so deep and broad, and forms the strength the momentum and the widespread influence, then is unprecedented. Discusses take the people book as the most important key political thinking has academically to the literature migration, achieves the acme nearly in the depth and the breadth, this situation in the history of literature also is rare. Disperses the literary style, before this writer's thought many cannot enter thought historian with emphasis attention the scope, only Donovan scientist like Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and so on., compared with universal obtain the thought historian's favor, this also has the prominent significance in the history of learning. The Tang proser artistic, ideological, the academic original disposition unification perfect degree which achieved in the creation process, is extremely prominent in the history of literature.As a whole, the relation of the mid-Tang literature and Confucianism is inseparable. Mid-Tang Confucianism is the core of the literature of its contemporaries. And it was sublimed constantly in the literary form. Mid-Tang literature positively reflected its reality, unfurled the Confucianism as a dominant ideology. Accordingly mid-Tang literature became full of vitality and prosperousness. To sum up, the systematic research on the relation between mid-Tang literature and Confucianism will be helpful for us to dig and richen our Chinese traditional culture further.