From A Non-unit To A Unit

This thesis describes panoramically organizational changes of non-unit multitude in shanghai in 1949-1962 from both macroscopic and microcosmic perspectives with the theory of society adjustment and control on unit study. It aims to clarify the relationship between people and organizations and the country during the time when the process of society adjustment and control system was being reestablished.When the People Republic of China was declared to be founded in 1949, China entered a whole new construction era. It became one of the most important tasks of the new government - how to bring the dispersible society into the new political system to prevent the force outside of the system from threatening the new government and baffling the new modernization strategy. Therefore, the Shanghai government reorganized the basic society unit and reestablished society adjustment and control system in an unprecedented way. It resulted in two basic organizational systems - the unit system and the street system in city. The street system, which brought non-unit multitude into unified streets and lane organizations, was actually a variant form of the unit system. Under such a system the non-unit multitude was also successfully managed into organizations, so a highly unified unit society was formed at last. After the street system was completely established, the society adjustment and control system of the new China were founded in true sense.The main body of this thesis, including three parts, clarifies organizations from the sides of country and public view respectively.The first part, covering the first chapter, it clarifies the general situation of the non-unit multitude, including the total number, their variant characteristics which were formed in the process of the basic society reestablishment. In the meantime it points that one of the characteristics of the non-unit multitude is poor to be controlled is the most important reason why the government reorganizes them. On the other hand, mainly analyzes the organizational thoughts of the Communist Party of China, the necessity of reestablishing society adjustment and control system, the reason why the tendency of the basic society unit organization is produced and its effect on later society transformation.The second part, covering the second, the third and the forth chapters, describes the process of organizations-establishing for the non-unit multitude and its characteristics in the different period. It also reviews the social adjustment and control system based on the process in picture description and its partial social conformity activity that includes housing and rebuilding bummers, neatening stall keepers and organizing women. The second chapter plays important roles in clarifying the transforming process of the basic management system from the baojia system to the street system, analyzing the case of city resident committee that is the basic management organization formed in that time and discussing its characteristics. It also uses examples of housing and rebuilding bummers to clarify how the country clears up the additional characteristics of the non-unit multitude through social adjustment and control system.