Marx Opened Up The Road To Learn

Since Marx's "the Economic And Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, " was issued in the 1930s, Eastern and Western scholars has made all kinds of explanations on the Marx's thinking of human. Some of these explanations accord with Marx's thinking and some are not. This makes it necessary to return to the road of Marx's theory of human to have some correct interpretation on the explanations. Moreover, with the deepening of reform and opening up, the problems on the survival and development have become increasingly prominent. The solution of these problems also needs reasonable values to guide for acquiring the support of Marxist ideology and methods. Therefore, the studies on Marx's theory of human and it's fundamental values have important theoretical significance for building a different road to study contemporary theory of human, and for the construction of contemporary form of the Marxist philosophy in China; Meanwhile, the studies have important practical significance for the correct resolving the survival problems of human in the socialist market economic reform process.In this paper, unity method of scientific principles and values principles, historical and logical analysis, and analysis of the text with the reality of care, critical and constructive principles has been put to use. And the situation of study about Marx's theory of human, Marx's theory of human and its fundamental values, the flow of Marx's theory of human, and how to build a different road of study on contemporary Chinese theory of human are deeply studied. Following is the full text comprises four chapters:In the first chapter, the study situation on Marx's theory of human at home and abroad is comprehensively and systematically presented. Since the 1930s, Chinese and foreign scholars have researched what the position in Marxist philosophy on human is, if Marx has an independent theory of human, the specific content about Marx's theory of human, the nature and characteristics about Marx's theory of human, the contemporary significance of Marx's theory of human, and so on. The Eastern and Western scholars have deeply researched Marxist thinking about human, and objectively grasped the road and character of Marx's theory of human. However, on the whole, these studies are more theoretical than practical, and have more system consciousness than issue consciousness. Therefore, we are required to further grasp the road of Marx's theory of human and its essence, to further grasp the basic concepts and methods of Marx's theory of human to provide reasonable values for survival and development of people, and provide theoretical support for building a different road of study on contemporary Chinese theory of human.In the Chapter II, based on the Marx's texts, the road of Marx's theory of human and its fundamental value were revealed. Through the Marx's texts, I summarize the road of Marx's theory of human: as a theme with living conditions and developing fate, as a core with the relationship between individuals, human and things, Capital and the labor, as a soul with scientific dialectics of theory of human, as a function with criticism and guide, as a root with the way of thinking of practice and generating, as a fundamental target with the uncontrolled, equal and overall development of each person. On this basis, what I conclude the basic value of Marx's theory of human is: emphasizing the reality of life, the practicing generation of human in practice, the unity of sciences and values, the leading practice with idea; the harmony between uncontrolled development and overall development of individuals, the full developing of the ability of each person. These constitute the essence of Marx's theory of human. Today, we should look at the new changes in practice when deriving its basic values to highlight the true spirit of Marx's theory of human. Nothing but the guidance of the methods of Marx's theory of human and grasping the pulse of the times, should we continuously march forward along the road Marx's theory of human.In the Chapter III, The historical flow and the basic value of Marx's theory of human were hackled. Marx's theory of human had two different historical fates in the socialist practice: First, some suggestions in the Second International, some "orthodox" Marxism in the former Soviet Union, as well as it was neglected in the traditional philosophy of Marxist textbooks of China neglected Marx's theory of human. Second, the new Eastern European Marxist explained Marx's theory of human with humanitarian. On the contrary, Marx's theory of human has been enriched and in socialist revolution and construction. For example, Marx's theory of human has been developed by Lenin, and been applied in the Chinese practice. Western Marxism, including Existentialism, Freudianism and Humanistic Psychology has developed Marx's theory of human. Their thought is significant for building a different road of study on contemporary Chinese theory of human. And these senses include focusing on harmonious development of human and things, advancing development of each person by researching the micro-psychological changes, and the full developing of the ability of each person. In the chapter IV, a different road of study on contemporary Chinese theory of human was analyzed. In this chapter, a different road of study on theory of human was pioneered from text, history, reality and values dimensions. From a text, a different road of study on theory of human will be built, based on fundamental value Marx's theory of human; from historical dimension, we should think back to the study situation on contemporary Chinese theory of human to build a different road of study on theory of human. From a practical dimension, a different road of study on theory of human will be opened, based on the reality of people's living conditions and developing fate. From an values dimension, we should comprehensively, in-depth and dialectically understand people-oriented idea, the relation between the dynamical mechanism and balanceable mechanism, implied people-centered idea to open a different road of study on contemporary Chinese theory of human.