Rheological Studies, From The Ming And Qing Dynasties To The Modern Family Novel

This paper aims at exploring the transmutation of kin-novels from Ming and Qing Dynasties to modern times by taking 12 typical medium and long kin-novels for example, and elucidates it in the following three main aspects: the transmutation of human ethics, the transmutation of exotic environment and the transmutation of novel-ontology.This paper mainly consists of five chapters besides prologue .The transmutation of human ethics is mainly discussed from chapter one to chapter three. The first chapter mostly analyses the transmutation of father-son image and filiations from the ancient to modern times: For example, the novel of "The Golden Lotus" describes the representative of merchant family: After father was evicted, son's ability got galactic stink. However, having lost fatherly appetency and morality surveillance, offspring dropped into crime and obituary abyss because of spiritual degeneration; The novel of "A Dream of Red Mansions" describes the representative of personage family: Father who was imbued deeply by Confucian ethic morality was always suppressing and chasing his son, The son who was subordinate to his father began to rebel against his father step by step. Jia Baoyu is a pioneer of rebelling image, who displayed the dawn of New Age. "Biography of Warning-world Marriage" and "Qi Lu Lamp", the two novels describe the representative of common family: Fathers had spoiled their sons or educated them improperly so that their sons lost their way out of home. In modern kin novels, the oldest-son, as the heir of "family" culture, they happened to have the familiar tragedy fate, such as being self- restricted or even emasculation, which is fit for the outcome of feudalism father-son social order. "The youngest son", with a special identity, educated and influenced by modern new thought, dared to rebel against their father, deconstruct and subvert the old social order. In Zhang Ailing's novels, subaltern fathers, as a group of people with physical disabled and mental low-talented, resembling "babies", couldn't be qualified to communicate with their sons or daughters. Authoress has deconstructed the myth of traditional father-authority with her sharp awareness and thoroughly collapsed the advantage of father-authority in history.The second chapter mainly analyses the transmutation of mother image and mother -son / mother-daughter relations from ancient to modern times in the following three aspects: mother and emotion, mother and right, the relation between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law. Mother, as the embodiment of emotion and love, is the heaven of childhood memory. But, owing to the dissimilation of mother imbued with feudalism social family ethics and system, the normal sound relations between mother and son has been destroyed, which has distorted personality of mother and son. Mother will take the place of father's right and authority after the father passed away. However, it is not the awareness of sex but the identity of male chauvinism. Mother Jia's ability of managing domestic affairs and her honorable image stand for the extremeness of mother-authority myth. Nevertheless, in modern kin novel "Creating Century", the authority of old lady Kuang appeared to be withered and reduced, which indicated the inextricable humanity weakness as well as the inextricable doom of the eupatrid family system. The relationship between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law is a sort of specific mother-child relation. The conflict between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law in ancient times was often considered as the moral confrontation, which simplifies the complicated causes. In modern novels, authors would like to deeply probe into the implications of abundant social culture and humanity psychology from the aspect of New Times and humanity, through penetrating into modern female life conditions and life meanings in their struggle, conflict and quarrel between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law.The third chapter mostly approaches the transmutation of husband and wife images and relations from ancient times to modern times. Polygyny has been the basic form of traditional marriage. Because vixen and faintheart appeared, the traditional father-authority would be in danger of collapse. How can the harmonious husband-and-wife relation be constructed? Novelists in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty began to take an active probe and reflect on specific relation of "affection love" and "sexual love" through characters in novels. Having been influence by the epochal advancement and western thoughts, female characters in new literature not only kept the traditional virtues of women but also began to actively pursue the proper position of wife. Husbands in modern cultural context lost their conventional predominance, pendulum alike, swaying between love and social order, and struggled in double-personality between the ancient and the modern.The fourth chapter mainly analyses the transmutation of external environment in the following two aspects: architect and garden. It is a mature symbol for kin novels to attach importance to the external space environment. The kin-novels began to pay great importance to the external environment since the novel "Golden Lotus". The building of xi Menqing's houses reflected parvenu merchants' specific way of accumulating property and semi-open cultural morphology. In "A Dream of Red Mansions", building of houses reflected the cultural morphology of conservative and strict hierarchy, which was imbued deeply by Confucian ethic thought. Home in modern novels is the symbol of feudalism and corruption. Youths dismantled the old family to welcome the dawn of brightness. Traditional garden is the symbol of sexual desire. Xi Meqing's garden became the lewd place. Big Guan garden was not only the cradle of love but also the grave of love. The alienation of garden and building in modern novels is a window for young people to pursue brightness and ideal as well as a window to look at the outside world.The fifth chapter mainly probes into the transmutation of novel-ontology from the ancient times to the modern times. The ancient kin-novels deeply influence the composition of modern novelists in many aspects: the kin identity of authors, genre selection, focusable object, narrative strategy, narrative structure, arrangement method, art spirit, tragedy spirit and so on. While modern kin-novels, on the basis of absorbing the tradition, develop the ancient kin-novels in the following aspects: enlarging the component of characters, continuity of character's fate, change of the end and the exploration of character's psychology and the variation of images and so on. The kin novels with familiar genre whether it is ancient or modern, will appear special stipulation that is resemble and matchable with kin-genre. This Paper mainly analyses it in three aspects of components of family characters, mode of kin-novel's declination and nation-home integrated net narration.