Xia, Shang And Zhou Bronze Vessel Of The Decorative Arts

Bronze decorative arts were an important component of China's ancient decorative arts, which was the people's social life, religion, ideological, aesthetic ideas of the major carriers. Through a comprehensive analysis of the bronzes and decorative arts, we can understand deeply the art of Xia, Shang and Zhou period, especially the development of the arts and crafts, and further deepened our understanding of the culture and the arts of Shang and Zhou period.According to previous research, this paper studied and analyzed the decorative arts of the Shang and Zhou bronzes, the main academic perspectives and innovations in this paper as follows:First, it established the field of bronze decorative arts study for the first time. Bronze decorative arts included bronze shapes, decorative patterns on the theme, decorating and other forms of expression. Hence, In this paper, we mainly analyzed these issues.Second, it analyzed different types of plastic bronze. We can classified the Bronze from the start to analyze the evolution of the each type of the device according to age order. The basic model of Shang and Zhou bronze were round and square, but since the late Shang Dynasty, their shapes also borrowed many of the physical characteristics of animals, and created a number of animal-shaped bronze bionic. Furthermore, some ritual device and annex with some animals carved image not only increased the diversity of shape but also played a role in decoration.Moreover, it classified the decorative type of bronze ware, and analyzed the origin of the various topics, evolution and the content of some subjects based on this. Bronze ware decorative patterns with colorful themes, mainly contained five categories: miraculous animal images design, animal images bionic design, geometric patterns design, plant design and profile figure portraits design. Miraculous animal images design included animal face, dragon, phenix veins. It was the main theme in the early Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty and it was the most abundant. But the deformation of abstract geometric patterns became the main theme to the late Western Zhou Dynasty. This decorative style had a new change to the late Spring and Autumn Period. Along with the development of various metal technology, a neat and meticulous style of decorative style formed. Bionic decorative bronze animal mages was a fundamental theme. Although plant and flowers themes emerged early, but it was used less. Until the Dong Zhou period, it had gradually been applied extensively. Figures and portraits designs on bronze ware had a visible change step by step. Bronze various decorative themes of the bronze ware reflected the times and the evolution of its content closely. Among them, the animal patterns may have the connotation of diversity, but changed with the times.Fourth, the bronze ware decoration technology were analyzed and concluded in this paper. The development of the bronze decoration craft had an great role in the form of the bronze art style. And the decorative techniques had close relations to the development of social productive forces and scientific and technological progress. Some decorative craft were closely related to the casting technology, while others were used for decoration process completely. According to the current archaeological findings, such techniques had been used in Shang Dynasty, such as Fan filled Fan, molding, casting hours, with casting, welding and turquoise mosaic, mosaic red copper, rows filled paint packages, etc. These processes had been used in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Other new technology were adopted in Dong Zhou period, for example: lost wax investment cast, framed red copper, gold and silver inlay, marking, gilt silver, gold and silver stickers. These processes supported the bronze decorative arts in technique. So this paper analyzed the use of the technology on decorative bronze.Fifth, this paper analyzed the decorative artistic form of the bronze ware. There are four kinds of bronze decorative art forms: the linear decorative patterns, sculpture decoration, characters decoration and color decoration. And they had been used in decorative arts of primitive society. Among them, linear pattern was the main form of decorative bronze. Though the three other have been not paid attention, they had been great significance of their integrity and beauty of the decorative bronze. So they were an important component of bronze decorative arts. In this paper, the origin and the use of these decorative art forms in bronze were analyzed.Finally, the main characteristics of pre-Qin aesthetic ideas of different periods were discussed with the evolution of the style of the Shang and Zhou bronze decorative arts and the social and ideological changes in different eras. Based on reviewing the origin and initial development of the aesthetic ideas, combining the main idea of the characteristics of the Shang and Zhou,his paper pointed out main features of the aesthetic ideas in different eras through the analysis different styles of different times of the Shang and Zhou Bronzes modeling. The development law of the decorative art form was from complicated to simple and then from simple to complicated. Corresponding the development law, aesthetic concept elevated from apotheosis to the rational and then the diversity.