Confucian Scholar Studying On The Doctrine Of The Mean In The Song Dynasty

The Doctrine of the Mean is a book of Li-Ji (Book of Rites). It is a part of the Four Books in the Song Dynasty. Confucian scholar studying is the important of causations which the status of the Doctrine of the Mean has many. Until this day, there are some problems about Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean in the Song Dynasty. In view of this condition, in this article the author decides to make a systemic and all-round study on Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean in the Song Dynasty in order to know the learning of the Song Dynasty.In this article, the author has some viewpoints as follows:First, there are three academic causations about Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean in the Song Dynasty, such as the crisis of Confucianism, the Doctrine of the Mean and Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean in the Han and Tang Dynasty, the prospering of hermeneutics. The development of Buddhism challenges Confucianism to ontology and the theory of human nature and Intention. Confucianism must complete the ontological transformation in order to flight Buddhism. The Doctrine of the Mean has a new direction for the ontological transformation of Confucianism. At the same time Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean provides for the ontological transformation of Confucianism in the Han and Tang Dynasty.Second, the study of Confucian school of idealist philosophy is the pivotal part of Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean includes in the Song Dynasty. It has three successive phases. In order to know its inward content the avant-courier of Confucian school of idealist philosophy study on the Doctrine of the Mean, such as Fan Zhong-yan and Hu Yuan. This is first phase. The scholars of Confucian school of idealist philosophy, such as Zhang Zai and Zhou Dunyi, explain newly the signification of honesty and destiny. They make up ontology and achieve the unification of human and nature in order that they reform the old study of Confucian classics. This is second phase and pivotal phase. Furthermore, others scholars study the theory of mind and nature, such as Zhu Xi, Zhang Shi and Lu Jiu-yuan. They complete the ontological transformation of Confucianism and make up the theory of culture and the Ontology of mind in this phase which is third phase.The study of Confucian school of no idealist philosophy is other. Some can not achieve the ontological transformation of Confucianism, but they go on with Confucianism, such as Si Ma-guang and Chen Xiang. Others aim at the study of Confucian school of idealist philosophy, such as Su Shi and Ye Shi, they want to get back the inward feature of the Doctrine of the Mean and animadvert on the theory of Tao-tong (Confucian Orthodox).Third, Confucian scholar Study on the Doctrine of the Mean by the annotating approach of language and will in the Song Dynasty. Furthermore, there are two patterns to Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean in the Song Dynasty. One is the ideal in the lection. Other is the ideal in the explaining speech.Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean is through the livelong Song Dynasty. It has many traits, such as the strong motive and the close relation with Buddhism and Taoism. Confucian scholar studying on the Doctrine of the Mean makes a notable impact on Confucian school of idealist philosophy and transforms form the era of the Five Classics into the era of the Four Books in the Song Dynasty. It is the resplendent era of the studies of the Doctrine of the Mean.