A Study On The Technique Criticism Of Chinese Ancient Fictions

The technique criticism of Chinese ancient fictions mainly refers to the commentary about ancient fiction technique, which executed by ancient fiction critics. The technique criticism exists in the commentary,the preface and postscript on the ancient fictions. The special study on the the technique criticism of ancient fiction will be provided with important significance. It predicates that we could discover the narration characteristics of ancient fiction, summarize the esthetics theory about ancient fictions.The main body of this dissertation include two parts. The first part of the dissertation maily analyzed the sources,the evolvement and the value on the technique criticism of ancient fictions.The technique criticism has complicated sources,it use for reference literary criticism,art theory and transform them. This dissertation mainly analyzed four kinds of influence modalities :the theory of ancient calligraphy and painting,the theory of geomantic omen,the theory of military and the theory of ancient prose along with eight-part essay. At the same time,it also accordingly discussed the causes of occurrence. Among the four modalities listed above paragraphs,the last one is regarded as the nearest source of the technique criticism, the other ones will be considered as the farther sources. Four kinds of sources we just made mention of make the technique criticism more visual and lifesome. In addition,they also make the technique criticism more detailed and precise. On the base of above analysis,we can find the close relation between the technique criticism of ancient fictions and traditional literature or art theory. On the other hand,we also consider that the technique criticism of ancient fictions succeed and transform traditional literature and art theory,As a whole, the technique criticism of ancient fictions can be separated into four comparatively unattached evolution phases since late Ming dynasty. Therein the period of last years of Ming dynasty until early stage of Qing dynasty is the bloom stage. Before the stage is located in gestation stage, while afer this is regarded as the abidance stage. The technique criticism of ancient fictions withered after Dao Guang period. This dissertation summarized each stage's representative characteristic about the technique criticism,and specially discussed effective contribution of some outstanding critics. After analyzation,we find that several critics, such asChin Sheng-t'an,Zhang Zhupo,Zhi Yan Zhai,have very important influence on the evolvement of the technique criticism,many of the critics realized the close association between ancient fictions' techniques and styles. Furthermore, the theory of ancient prose along with eight-part essay is the main consecutive clew, merely its' limitation is more obvious during the late period accordingly,and just because of this, the technique criticism of ancient fictions is detested and rejected by more and more people. In spite of this,the most important reason that the technique criticism of ancient fictions come to end is the uncreationary evolvement by itself as well as the occurrence of modern fiction.The holistic value of the technique criticism of ancient fictions comprise two parts.Firstly,that is hermeneutic value, videlicet the technique criticism has regenerative value as for ancient liteary criticism, and it has functionality value as for the aesthetic character's discovrery on ancient fiction. Secondly,that is promulgating value. It means that the technique criticism of ancient fictions not only promote ancient fictions to spread,but also accelerate literature rules to spread objectively. Wholly speaking, the technique criticism of ancient fictions is valuable as for criticism of ancient fictions.The second part of the dissertation mainly discussed 11 technique terms, such as "ts'ao-she hui-hsien","heng-yun tuan shan" etc. These terms contain abundant significance in ancient fictions' criticism, reflecting narrative characteristics of ancient fictions in certain taches.Moreover,it is difficult to dissertate profoundly in the first part of this dissertation because of the shaped structural arrangement. Therefore it is necessary to specialise these terms. After that, we expect that this part could rectify inaccurate comprehension,and unfold the whole narrative characteristics of Chinese ancient fictions in a certain extent.