Chinese Words In Japanese And The Study Of Teaching Chinese Towards Japanese

Cultural strength and economic power with 5 thousand years' profound inner details of China was released during the Reform, it recently keep bringing up the craze of learning Chinese in the worldwide, which is ceaseless and continues from miles to miles. Among the countries where the heat to learn Chinese is still increasing, Japan and South Korea are the ones with the greatest enthusiasm when both of them belong to the Chinese cultural community. Although Japanese have the same Chinese characters with mainland Chinese, however, it develops a multi-character system including different characters such as Chinese characters, hiragana, katakana, Japanese Roman letters, etc, and it has the particularity of mixing different types of characters and languages together, which also helps Chinese character in Japanese expand the difference with the mainland Chinese characters. As a result, Chinese Characters in Japanese which are cognate with mainland Chinese turns out to be the obstacle for Japanese to learn Chinese, and the effects of negative transfer is obvious. Relatively speaking, since Chinese characters or words using in these two countries remain different, there are certainly something in common, that is to say, positive efficiencies may occur while there are negative effects to language study, which is called the effects of positive transfer in linguistics.This plan is aimed at working out a suitable way of teaching Chinese to Japanese, while Chinese characters functions as a lever during teaching, and helps to turn the positive transfer effects of Chinese into good account during language teaching.Chinese characters are not only the literal symbols of Chinese language, but also a unity of the form, sound and meaning, and the majority of Chinese characters are meaningful morphemes, so we should hold the essential features of Chinese language and grasp the minimal unit of forming a word, the"Chinese morpheme" during teaching Chinese towards foreign people. Particularly in Japan which is still subjected to the Chinese cultural community nowadays, where people there are using Chinese characters, in order to efficiently have control over the negative transfer effects that Chinese Characters in Japanese bring up, this study indicates that the Chinese teaching towards Japanese should return to the roots within the Japanese lexical system which stand for the closest part between Han and Yamato, the language teaching must set out on the Chinese Character Standard again. The Chinese Character Standard Teaching Mode should be carried out while Chinese characters are taken as the core, and the glossary predominates, pronounciation and grammar are the main headings or auxiliaries, at the meanwhile we should exert the "Primary Words-Focused Teaching Method", which contributes to display the distinctive feature that one Chinese character closely and delicately links all of the form, sound and meaning together. Chinese Character Standard Teaching Method can only function successfully when it is supportively equipped with corpus with positive-transfer effects. During teaching material selecting process, 6 factors should be meeted: (1)basic vocabulary, (2)high frequency characters,(3)characters with strong word-building potency, (4)characters with high correspondence and resemblance to those of Japanese characters, (5)characters as roots in Japanese, (6)characters that can be recognized by most Japanese people. The corpus builded following the 6 requirements are just qualified as the materials during teaching Chinese to Japanese people. It is no other than the qualified that can greatly take out the positive-transfer effects and Character Standard Teaching funcions into good account. After having been verified through test teaching materials, the result shows that only meet the above 6 requirements can the materials in the corpus have high feasibility. Finally using qualitative investigation, the writer thoroughly interviewed teachers teaching Chinese at Japanese universities and senior high schools and Japanese students who took Chinese language courses, and now finds out that the test teaching materials have great practicality.