Life Elegy Of Citizens In Modern Times Of Japan

This thesis investigates, explores, compares and discusses the theme, content, form, spiritual value and so on of the tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon based on the tragic view of Marxism and the corresponding tragic research pattern within the general scale of research of comparative literature, and obtains a parade of academic conclusion. Through systematic research and thinking, the author has some new understanding about trait of Yuanlu literature as well as the cultural thought, national spirit and so on. The author demonstrates the personal cognition about what is the tragedy and what is the tragic spirit. According to the research task as well as the aim of this thesis, it is composed of the Introduction and another eight chapters.The introduction part covers the foundation of the title, task, purpose, research theory and means as well as the layout and whole design of the thesis. In this part, the author goes through the previous research on drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon and illustrates the tragic pattern theory employed in this thesis.The first chapter introduces the general state of the works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon, the background of his works and the general atmosphere of the historical and cultural thought; it also covers the production, development and its trait of Bunraku as the representative art form in modern times of Japan and the meaning of works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon in Bunraku history; it states the categorization of the works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon as well as the status of ways of world drama in all the works and thus assures the main research subject of this thesis: tragedy of the social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon.The second chapter demonstrates the rich connotation of the tragedy of the social drama beginning with the source of material of tragedy of the social drama. It shows the meaning of tragedy of social drama by showing the daily life of the citizens in reality and the romantic love and the subject spirit of the citizens in the stirring period, which verifies an outstanding trait of the tragedy of social drama: textualized history and the historicizing text. In the third chapter, the author mainly discusses the characters image in the tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. He built up a parade of images with lively characteristics through great artistic means. This is the most important art achievement of drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. This chapter discusses the images of male character, female character, comic character and knight character by means of comparison. On one hand, the author categorizes the images in order to lay foundation for the latter research; on the other hand, this corresponds with the view on the tragic characters in the European traditional academic research to show that the drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon is both national and international.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the beauty consciousness and philosophical culture in the tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. The author starts with the cultural background to argue the possibility of the aesthetics research as well as the philosophical analysis. Then the author analyzes the definition of love, death, sadness, passion and Dao Hang to find the new meaning in the old subject studied by Chikamatsu Monzaemon. The fifth section in this chapter discusses the relationship between the tragedy of social drama and Buddhism and proves the internal conformity of structure and narrative pattern of the ways of the world drama and the cultural prototype of Buddhism (belief) and the powerful influence of Buddhism on tragic spirit of Chikamatsu Monzaemon.The fifth chapter demonstrates the tragic spirit in the ways of world drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. According to the traditional recognition, the relationship between the doctrine and human emotions is the biggest subject in the ways of world drama. Meanwhile, the contradiction between the doctrine and human emotions is the outlet of the tragic contradiction of social drama. The author verifies that the tragic contradiction of the social drama is the contradiction between the intensified doctrine and purified emotion starting from distinguishing doctrine and human emotion on the basis of analyzing the categorization, connotation and complex relationship between the two. This broke through the traditional cognition and set up new viewpoint and standpoint. In this way, the author smoothly discusses and constructs the tragedy and tragic spirit. Finally, the author emphasizes that the tragic spirit of Chikamatsu Monzaemon is the core element of the life spirit since it contains the new view that surpassing the age.The sixth chapter studies the tragedy of social drama from the view of artistic form and style. It demonstrates the artistic characteristics of works of Chikamatsu Monzaemon from realism, romanticism, structural trait and narrative style and tragic means. In addition, the author discusses the cycle structure in the tragedy of Chikamatsu Monzaemon to show the conformity of the form, style and idea and thus to show that the form and content of the outstanding art is not separable.The subject of chapter seven is the tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemonfrom the view of comparison. At first, the author discusses the tragic characters, tragic spirit and pattern of the tragic contradiction within the scale of Japan-European comparison to make the tragedy of Chikamatsu Monzaemon more special. The first there sections cover the comprehensive comparative research and the last two sections compare Chikamatsu Monzaemon with the tragedy of French tragic poet Racine as well as Jiao Hong Story written by Meng Chengshun, a dramatist of the end of Ming Dynasty. This is the parallel study. The comparison also covers that among different cultural spirit, showing the status of Chikamatsu Monzaemon in the international tragedy history. Through concrete comparison research, the author has the preliminary conclusion on general thought of the tragedy.The eighth chapter concludes the former seven chapters and gives the final conclusion of the tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon. The tragedy of social drama of Chikamatsu Monzaemon is the peak of classic tragedy literature in Japan. He is one of the representatives of the oriental tragedy. As the treasure of drama of Japan, it enriches the tragedy works of the world. Meanwhile, the tragedy of social drama symbolizes the completion of the classic tragic spirit in Japan. This tragic spirit itself has the aesthetics and philosophical meaning, which composes the important element of living pattern as well as the cultural spirit of Japanese nation. It conforms to the national spirit inside and it also shows the universality in the tragedy, that is, essential demand of history. Discussing the deep meaning of tragedy within the national spiritual history is the end of this thesis, which is also the starting point of the latter research.