Fresco Research Of Xi'an Dong-yue Shrine

Xi'an Dong-yue Shrine is the chief Dong-yue shrine in Guanzhong District,with the long history from Dynasties of the Northern Song,the Southern Song,the Jin,the Yuan,the Ming,the Qing,and Republic of China till now.There are only four halls and no any sculptures survived now and the frescos are existing in the principal and bedroom halls.The on-site measurement shows that the fresco in the principal of the shrine is the largest Taoism fresco monocase in Shaanxi.province and a very important portion of Shaanxi fine arts history.There are only literal introduction and some architectural plans and researches of Xi' an Dong-yue Shrine and no in-depth studies on the frescos now.The thesis focuses on the survive Taoism frescos in the shrine. Based on many times of on-the-spot investigations and consulting the massive detailed literature materials,comparing and analyzing the pictures,with the inscription and rebuilding record,this paper has preliminaryly proved that the frescos were painted in the Qing Dynasty, and the one in the principal was painted in about 53rd year of the reign of Qing Emperor Kangxi(A.D.1715),that in the bedroom palace in about 2^nd year of the reign of Qing Emperor Qianlong(A.D.171537).The content of the frescos in the Shrine is another key research point in the thesis,which has not been studied in any acquiredresearch datas. Combining with the frescos in otherDong-yue shrines of China,the author gets preliminary conclusion that the frescos content in the principal were the judicial departments taken in charge by the Dong-yue emperor.The origination and evolution of the judicial departments are discussed in the thesis.And based on the department names list in "Dong-yue Da Sheng Bao Chan",combined with the explanation of them in Beijing Dong-yue Shrine,various duty departments in this shrine are named and described in the thesis.In all the frescos about duty departments we have found and studied,the fresco in this shrine is the earliest one,which is of great religious and historical value for the evolution research on the Dong-yue faith.The fresco content in bedroom hall are mainly traditional beautiful women,based on the figures and the function of a bedroom palace, it comes to a conclusion that this fresco showed the bedroom palace scene of the wife of Dong-yue emperor.In the last part of the thesis,the art form and evoltion of the frescos in Xi' an Dong-yue Shrine are discussed,and the relationship between the fresco and traditional culture is examined.It elaborates that Buddhism merged with the Han culture during its spreading throughout China,which leaded to "the Shi Wang Scripture" deVeloping from "the Hades Scripture" and at the same time the Buddhist images changed.From the Tang Dynasty to the Song D,ynasty,the structure of Buddhist images changed from one image to eleven independent images in which the Ksitigarbha was in the middle and ten Kings in two lines aside.This evolution affected the forming of the judicial departments images in Taoism.Meanwhile the images coming from the combination of Chinese traditional superstitious belief and Taoism faith are also reflected in the frescos in Xi' an Dong-yue Shrine.In addition,the fresco content was affected by worldly paintings in the Song Dynasty.The ordinary daily life affairs got attention in the frescos.Many judicial departments images showed not being tried in Yamen.but daily activities.As to the artistic characteristic feature,the composition combinations and orders,the landscape forms and wrinkling method are discussed in the thesis.