North Four Lines Associated Study (1921-1952)

"Four Banks of the north", refers to four commercial banks which is Yieh Yien Commercial Bank, the Kincheng Banking Corporation, the China & South Sea Bank and the Continental Bank in Beijing government period. In 1921, Yieh Yien Commercial Bank, The Kincheng Banking Corporation and the China & South Sea Bank reached the joint management agreement, in 1922 the Continental Bankbank joined, three banks of joint management then developed four banks of joint management. From this time on, Yieh Yien Commercial Bank, the Kincheng Banking Corporation, the China & South Sea Bank and the Continental Bank namely were generally called for "Four Banks of the north". After the First World War ended, the political situation turbulence, the frequent financial unrest, as well as the Chinese modern times bank service competition unceasingly intensify, these factors have facilitated Four Banks of the north of joint management together. But Four Banks of the north of own abundant capitals strength, service cooperation and between Four Banks of the north of people in charge close personal relation, these have all provided the unique condition for the Four Banks of the north of joint management.After the joint management agreement signs, in united the office next Four Banks of the north to found the joint preparation storehouse the China & South Sea Bank, specially handled paper money ticket release, reserve fund memory and paper money ticket printing business and so on . Distributes together, is responsible together by four banks. This not only enhanced the China & South Sea Bank paper money ticket prestige, also increased the monentum for Four Banks of the north, causes in the society to think Yieh Yien Commercial Bank, the Kincheng Banking Corporation, the China & South Sea Bank, the Continental Bankfour banks safe are reliable. This is Four Banks of the north of own services development, as well as Four Banks of the north of other joint management services launching, has created the extremely advantageous condition.After the joint preparation storehouse founds soon, Four Banks of the north have set up union deposit meeting, the implementation union deposit. Four Banks of the north of deposit and the general bank deposit, as well as the Bingjing Govermengt time is in vogue the rewarding deposit has the remarkable difference: This can shoulder by Four Banks of the north suffers no loss of capital responsibility of the guaranteed interest; Its deposit artificial ordinary member, besides the deposit principal and interest, the year's end also enjoys the right which draws bonus; But its savings utilization, then has the strict definition, only manages the country either the place has truly the fund guarantee bond to buy into or the mortgage, each prosperous commercial port real estate mortgage, gold, silver and foreign currency mortgage, and take this meeting deposit card as mortgage mortgage and so on.The deposit meets the regulation to deposit the fund use the limit, enables Four Banks of the north of deposits could just start when only to be able to handle deposits the card as mortgage loaning, this seriously has limited the deposit fund use. In order to open up the deposit fund the utilization channel, in 1926 the latter Four Banks of the north of deposits could start oneself to handle loans the service. But in the different time, it loans with the investment is not completely same with emphasis. In the Beijing government time, its deposit fund majority are many by Four Banks of the north replaces emits. But before the resistance ten years, loans, the government security to Four Banks of the north and the real estate investment, these all are Four Banks of the north of deposits can use the fund the main way. But after the resistance eruption, the Chinese territory, the partial customs by Japanese army seizing, are forced the national government to be able not but in particular to announce stopped paying the bond capital and the interest, the real estate industry also presents the bleak aspect from the overall. Therefore, the pound, US dollar and so on, the foreign currency and the foreign currency bond becomes the key point which the wartime Four Banks of the north of deposits can invest. But postwar, as a result of the Kuomintang and Communist Parties civil war and the runaway inflation influence, Four Banks of the north has not certainly achieved in the joint management service the very good development.In brief, Four Banks of the north of joint management, looked from the subjective motive that, its goal is for seek Four Banks of the north of own development. But in the objective effect, Four Banks of the north of joint management has actually held the Chinese modern times finance industry development historical opportunity, operated privately in the banking industry for the northern Four Banks of the north in the modern times the prominent status to lay the foundation.