Shu Xue Of Northern Song Dynasty And Development Of Consciousness Of Scholar Painting

It is evident to distint similarities and diversities between Yuanti Painting and Scholar Paintings North and South Song Dynasties based on zhe stylistic theory of Wolfgang Ruppert, a German critic of art. But it is not enough to study the artistic style rather than the precise comparison of its philosophical thoughts and values. For instance, in the beginning of 1930s, Wang Wei's painting trait is concluded as "writing", Li Sixun's as "drawing" in the paper Analysis on the Histories of Yuanti Painting and Scholar Painting written by Teng Gu. The meaning of the paper reveals at most the different artistic leanings and aesthetic feelings between Chinese Freehand Brushwork and Fine Brushwork instead of explaining thoroughly the essence of artistic phenomenon of the scholar painting. From 1930s when Teng Gu and Tong Shuye tried to apply modern artistic theory to this century, researches on the scholar painting and its artistic sources have always been issued in academia, but they haven't made further breakthroughs in general. It is the limitation of researches on History of Chinese Philosophy that blocks the academic progress. In the study of modern Chinese philosophy, researches on History of Philosophy in North and South Song Dynasties focus on Neo-Confucianism and New Learning whilst Shu Xue represented by Su Xun, Su Shi and Su Zhe is snubbed for quite a long time. The lopsided researches on Shu Xue are bound to restrict the study of the scholar painting in North Song Dynasty.With these facts, the article further explores its abundant content and original place of these scholar groups' thoughts of literature based upon the philosophical viewpoint of Shu Xue by taking the academic thought of Shu Xue as its starting point and analyzing the divided opinions between Shu Xue and Luo Xue in anthroposophy, human sentiment view and view of literature and ethic. Then the thesis enters the ideological realm of paintings in North Song Dynasty and deeply analyzes the value orientation of the consciousness of scholar painting in North Song Dynasty so as to explain the feature of Shu Xue as well as the orientation and characteristics of the consciousness of Literati Painting which, proposed by the scholar groups in the Period of Yuanyou, is based on the theory of Shu Xue. Moreover, it also clarifies the effects that the rising of the consciousness of scholar painting in North Song Dynasty produces on pushing forward the development of Chinese scholar painting.The scholar painting, originating in North Song Dynasty, has complicated reasons of social history and cultural history. North Song Dynasty is in the special position in the long history of ancient China because its development of political civilization, material civilization and spiritual civilization owns the unique specialty which is different from that in former dynasties in ancient China. Therefore, the rising of the consciousness of scholar painting is a trend of artistic reformation related closely to the development of politics, economy, culture, education and academy in the mid and late North Song Dynasty. This rising boasts the characteristics of the times and of the humanistic spirit, which has played a decisive role in the history of ancient Chinese painting arts.In my opinion, the academic interpretation of the inner relationship between the nature of Shu Xue thought in Sony Dynasty and the consciousness of scholar painting of the scholars in the Period of Yuanyou is the key to explore deeply the development features of painting thought in North Song Dynasty; and moreover, it is always neglected by most researchers who make a study of the history of painting arts. According to this situation, the thesis combines with the development features of Song Type Culture and Shu Xue, expounds the cultural character traits of the scholars in the Period of Yuanyou (taking Su Shi as central), and explains the value orientation, construction traits and inner relationship of the consciousness and of scholar paintings in the Period of Yuanyou in Northern Sony Dynasty in order to show the deep effects of Shu Xue on the construction of the inner character of scholar painting, and to elaborate on the aesthetic appreciation features and the profoundly historical effects on the development of Chinese art history. The paper studies the cause and effect, source and trace, and value orientation of the scholar painting in North Song Dynasty by means of western theories such as principles of art history, phenomenology and hermeneutics. Meanwhile, it also attaches great importance on the big historical event, namely, "Changes during Tang and Song Dynasties". It then traces back to the headstream and makes a precise analysis of the influences of the historical phenomenon on these scholar groups' way of thinking in the aspects of philosophical viewpoints, ideological leanings, academic preferences, artistic consciousness and painting interest.The thesis holds the main point that the rising of the consciousness of scholar painting is closely related to the rising of Shu Xue in the middle and late North Song Dynasty as well as the formation of the scholar groups in the Period of Yuanyou. Among the scholar groups forming in the middle-latter period of Song Dynasty, the scholars in the Period of Yuanyou (taking Su Shi as central) accepted the influence of the integration of three theories, that is, Ru, Shi and Dao, created and developed Shu Xue School in philosophical and academic thoughts. The Shu Xue School wears the nature of heterodoxy and miscellaneous knowledge. It advocated "Quanbian and Huitong", shows respect for the inherent laws of aesthetic development, and builds a special kind of ideological system. The scholars in the Period of Yuanyou, affected and restricted by Shu Xue thought, point out their own opinions in the artistic realm of literature and painting. In the art of painting, a series of their views obviously show the consciousness of the scholar painting as follows: approving of the idea that paintings should display personality and emotions of the creative subject, promoting the graceful painting style and "Ink Game", praising the mild and innocent style of painting, attaching importance on the moral and symbol of the artistic creation, and proposing advice according with the new spirit of the times and aesthetic thought. The rising of the consciousness of scholar painting in North Song Dynasty, leading and affecting the development of the scholar painting, lays an important foundation for latter theory and prosperity of the scholar painting, and pushes forward the development of plastic arts of Chinese paintings from the unitary mode to the comprehensive pattern of blending poems, calligraphy and paintings. The functions of advocacy and practice in the art of the scholar painting, which are made by scholars in the Period of Yuanyou in North Song Dynasty, leave a deep and long lasting influence on the maturity of Chinese painting thought and art. In history, there is nothing to compare any teams and individuals to these scholars. After fully understanding this painting history, one can deeply grasp the general trait and developing trend of the history of Chinese paintings.The whole paper makes a main analysis in three aspects as follows. First and foremost, from the perspective of the development and evolution of thought and academy in North Song Dynasty, the thesis deeply analyzes ideological origins of Shu Xue and features of its ideological system, and clarifies the cultural meanings, i.e. Shu Xue as the ideological foundation of the scholar groups in the Period of Yuanyou (taking Su Shi as central). Secondly, from the angle of the fact that the innovation movement of literature in North Song Dynasty promotes the transformation of the thoughts of literature and art, it elaborates on the characteristics and value of the Shu Xue School as well as the inner relationship between this school and the scholar groups' advocacy of "Literati Painting". Thirdly, from the sight of the relationship between features of Shu Xue thought and the consciousness of scholar painting, it expounds the basic value orientation of the consciousness of scholar painting in North Song Dynasty and innovative features of the scholar painting art.