The Scholar-officials' Value Orientation And Subjective Consciousness In The Pre-Qin Period

Studying the scholar-officials' value orientation and subjective consciousness of the pre-Qin days is of great significance of developing the character and the subjective consciousness of the contemporary intellectuals. On the basis of the historical materialism research approach and the original documents of the pre-Qin days, the author analyzes them in an all-round way from the thoughts of the value orientation and the subjective consciousness.In the course of analyzing, the author adopts the comparative research approach of history. From the view of the value orientation,the principle "practical"of the scholars of the pre-Qin days embodies a kind of consciousness inclination for the people; on the subjective consciousness, the author sets about it from the two different fields of the nature and the society; to deal with the problem of the nature, that is, the relationship between the nature and the people,whether harmony between "man and nature" or "people divide into nature" or "atheism thought" embodies the subjective consciousness of that people are superior to nature and served by the nature;from the viewpoint of the scholars of the pre-Qin days of handling of the social problems, it embodies that they emphasize the human spirit, that is, political power serves people;with regard to the problem of moral and justice, they consider that the profit is an objective reality,but advocate people restrict the profit that serves people and gained and used under the ethical norm.But it is not because individual's completely independent factor but the social situation that causes the forming of their value orientation and subjective consciousness,therefore we cannot speak highly of it.