Kuomintang's Ruling Of Arts During 1927～1937

In 1927-1937, the ruling system on arts of Kuomintang can be roughly divided into four fields:working out policy on arts, forming of literary organizations, building of literary media, censoring works of arts. Nationalism should be used to describe the idea and strategy of Kuomintang because of the domestic and international circumstances. As a kind of ideology, the nationalism is characterized strongly by enforcement when combined with state power. Meanwhile, it also appears obscure when combined with the patriotism of the masses and culture theory of the intellectuals. The nationalism of Kuomintang is involved in both the political struggle and fight against other countries, so it appears a complexity, which, no doubt, has a great influence on the variety of cultural patterns, the whole production of arts works. It can be concluded that the ruling of Kuomintang on arts is just only a part of its whole ruling, and supports its power with ideology. Accordingly, arts becomes an important field of cultural ruling of Kuomintang. The strategy which the Communist Party takes for cultural struggle, related to the thoughts of some members of Kuomintang, is the first direct catalyst. The dissertation, using a lot of historical materials and some related theories, tries to discover the truth of the ruling on arts of Kuomintang, including its causes.The dissertation is divided into six parts as follows:Part one:Preface. Introduction the study circumstances, motive, theory and pattern.Part two:Chapter 1.The ruling on arts of Kuomintang is based on Nationalism. During the following ten years when it came into power, it firstly aims to build an unparalleled ideology of Nationalism. Secondly it aims to indoctrinate the masses with an idea that China is a nation-state through the ideology of nationalism. Meanwhile, it can promote its regime's legitimacy. It constructs its ideology with the flag of Three Principles of the people. The cause from Three Principles of the People to Principles of Nationalism means not only the inheritance of authority, but also the need for its politic situation, which resulted in the arts policy of Three Principles of the People, the organization of literary society, the control of media, the censoring action in the field of arts. Everyone is a independent system but connection mutually.Part three:Chapter 2This chapter focuses the causes of policy on arts, the relationship between the policy and the construction of national cultural system, the relationship between the policy and literature of Three Principles of the People, the movement of Nationalism literature, the movement of popular and folk literature. This chapter also analyzes the reason why Kuomintang promotes the literature movement characterized by strong politics and how its intention comes into failure.Part four:Chapter 3This Chapter focuses on the organization of literary society and writers. With the original material, the chapter analyzes how the Propaganda of Kuomintang establishes a variety of literary society and presses, how the Propaganda promotes the intimacy among writers, and how it helps to achieve the cultural target of the Kuomintang.Part five, chapter 4:The chapter aims to find out why and how the right-inclined literary journals becomes the tools and medias with which Kuomintang disseminates its ideology. Political propaganda, literary journals' characteristic itself as media, the indoctrinating the idea of nation and state, the struggle for cultural power between Kuomintang and Communist party are choices for cultural ruling. The establishment of arts and literary supplement of Kuomintang' newspaper is the first trial, and the right-inclined literary journals are the main media and reproduction of ideological discourses.Part six, Chapter 5:With the original material, the chapter aims to answer the following questions, i) what is the rise and fall of the censor system for works of books, journals and films, ii) how the system is related to the cultural target of the nationalist party, iii) why there appears the "journal year" and the type of literature of "zawen".Part seven, conclusion:Variability and deceptive of Kuomintang's nationalism as an ideology not only bring about its nationalism literature into the poor in theory and literary creation, but also makes its arts censorship difficult to achieve the desired results, therefore, the Kuomintang's arts ruling is failure.