Vanguard Of Literature And Arts (1942-1948) And The Movement Of Literature And Arts In The Area Controlled By The Kuomintang

The movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang in 1940s has been enveloped for a long time because of the political ideologies of different Parties. Especially the movement of literature arranged by the Right-wingers of Kuomingtang was considered as reactionary movement or was hidden, and has not been emphasized on in the field of literary history, such as the movement of literature of the Three Principles of the People. Under this research situation, the paper put emphasis on the movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang in 1940s without the viewpoint of political ideologies. Taking the magazine, Vanguard of Literature and Arts, charged by the Central Committee of Cultural Movement as an instance, the paper, divided into two parts according to the War of Resistance Against Japan, analyzed the movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang from 1942 to 1948.Part one, including three chapters, analyzed the movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang in the later of the War of Resistance Against Japan.Chapter 1 discussed the background and discussing of how the national literature and arts was put forward during the course of the War of Resistance Against Japan and Saving the Nation. These discussion of literary movement showed that there were several kinds of literary styles in the area controlled by the Kuomintang, among which Zhang Daopan's What Policy of Literature and Arts We Need was very noticeable and discussed much. During the discussion, the national literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People was put forward. Li Dongchen's explanation of national literature and arts was reasonable and was used to be the aim of Vanguard of Literature and Arts. The movement of national culture and arts means that the national discourse in the later of the War of Resistance Against Japan had been agreed commonly.In chapter 2, the author stressed on Vanguard of Literature and Arts's four columns and the different initiations of national literature and arts. In the column of short criticism, some people criticized individualism, freedom and the debating between new and old literature from the standpoint of state and nation so as to establish national literature and arts. In the column of works criticism, national literature and arts was studied in academic discourse, some of which accorded to the mainstream ideology discourse. In the column of creation, the magazine had the tendency to like the works about the War of Resistance Against Japan and Saving the Nation. The translated works were mainly from the allied countries. In the column of book review, some papers showed the vivid understanding of nation and age.Chapter 3 analyzed the movement of city opera acting in the area under Kuomintang in the later of the War of Resistance Against Japan. Some important elements, as the conflict between opera acting's educational and commercial function, the rewriting of the old opera and some skills of opera acting, showed that some opera writers or actors had gave up the former opera tendency and meeting the political demands and the task of social education had become the new direction. Part two, including four chapters, introduced the literature and arts of nation building about people's right and people's living belonging to Three Principles of the People after the War of Resistance Against Japan.In chapter 4, the author analyzed the discussion of how to advance the literature and arts after the War of Resistance Against Japan in Vanguard of Literature and Arts. Some literary movements were about the organization and principle of literature and arts.Chapter 5 discussed the opera movement in the area under Kuomintang after the War of Resistance Against Japan. The organization and principle of opera acting in the area under Kuomintang, opera's future and crisis and how to establish the opera system of Chinese people were the main affairs discussed on Vanguard of Literature and Arts, which revealed the difficult times position of opera movement.In chapter 6, the literary policy and mobilization of building the country in a time of turmoil was introduced in detail. Some new conception of modern literature's misfortunes, describing bandit troops and the literature of building the country in a time of turmoil were the main contents of Vanguard of Literature and Arts. With these discussions, the movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang was drawn into the struggle of political parties and groups.Chapter 7 introduced the re-putting forward and re-revolution of literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People, which were not developed because the publication of Vanguard of Literature and Arts stopped.In the last part, the movement's history task of literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People was summarized. The literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People was put forward in the debating between the movement of nationalism literature and the League of Leftist Writers in 1930s. the re- putting forward of it in 1940s could be looked on as the continue of that debating, which showed that the conflict of different parties and groups was not get off as the united front was established. With the success of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the conflict was revealed and aggravated. The movement of literature and arts in the area controlled by the Kuomintang in 1940s opened the dialogue with that in liberated area in Yanan, and the two kinds of literature and arts developed the age's turning point in 1940s. Furthermore, the literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People had not been ended with Kuomintang's management, its creation was continued in Taiwan from 1950s to 1960s. In short, the movement of literature and arts of the Three Principles of the People in the area under Kuomintang in 1940s was a noticeable history phenomenon of literature.