The Research On Ancestor Worship Of Huizhou Area During Qing Dynasty

During Song and Yuan Dynasties,great and earth-shaking historical changes had taken place in Chinese traditional patriarchal clan system.Clan governors had begun to strengthen the building and organizations of the clan.The changes had developed rapidly and the organization processes of the clan had become more perfect,especially after the reforms of rite and ceremony in Ming dynasty. The changes last late into Qing dynasty. Biggish changes had also happened to the organizations and activities of the clan,especially on the ancestor's worship. On this research subject,the writer pays close attention to the ancestor's worship in Huizhou area,concerns the economy,culture belief in Huizhou area and so on.The paper is made up of the introduction and test.In the intruoduction,the origin of the paper,the research at home and abroard of academic history about the clan in Huizhou area and the academic value and significance of the clan research are described systemically.The text is made up of six chapters.The first chapter is sort of the evolution of ancestors worship sacrificial activities of Huizhou area. The beginning of the Song and Yuan period dominated by sacrifice and renovate to the tomb (Muji),or build ancestral hall near the tomb.It was replaced by ancestral temple in Ming dynasty.The ancestors warship sacrificial activities reached a peak in KangXi and Qianlong periods,but the war of Qing dynasty later periods brought enormous damage to Huizhou area,the sacrificial activies declined that time.The ancestors worship revived again until the social environment and economic conditions gradually restored.The second chapter analyzes the material basis of ancestor worship in Huizhou. The main contents include the source of ritual property, loss and management and protection. the property of ancestor worship in Huizhou area is abundant and very stable. Huizhou clan govonors made the great efforts to protect the sacrifice of property, so in Qing dynasty ancestor worship sacrificial activities of Huizhou area had a solid material foundation. The third chapter is the key part of this article. The author collected the Huizhou-based instruments in ancestor worship, according to the nature of sacrifice, the sacrificial activities in the Qing Dynasty were divided into three categories. Ancestor worshiping in the ancestral hall is organized by the clan govenors. sacrifice and renovate to the tomb (Muji)is organized by a small scale activities.Capital club(Huiji) Will be offering a new way of raising funds to the ancestor worship and sacrificial activities of the new organization,it is a new style which reflected mutually beneficial of rural life in Huizhou. These three methods had their own arrangements and the provisions of the ceremony, also had their own features and functions.Chapter IV is outlined the sacrificial features of the times from the above discussion of the activities. The first is a strong feeling of identity with and loyalty to one's tribe or group. Followed by the the strengthening of the sacred code in sacrificial system. In the Qing Dynasty the sacrificial activities accelerate the major integration of the clan power, these code of the clan has a certain statute of deterrence, but also reflects the main form of internal cohesion in the ethnic clan. Finally, the localization of ancestral customs. It focuses on entertainment and holiday villages season practices, but also reflects the folk belief of multiple penetration.Chapter V is from the view of variety of social attitudes of Huizhou to see the interaction of ancestor worship and local society. The first is under the concept of ancestor worship to see the inheritance of blood. Second,the relationship between Feng Shui and ancestor worship in Huizhou area. Finally, under the influence of a variety of concepts deified ancestors. Through the three different social attitudes,we can discoved that the ancestor worship has been deeply rooted into people's social thinking.Chapter VI is the conclusion part of the paper. Mainly to the activities of the Qing Dynasty Huizhou ancestors in thoughts. By the study of ancestor worship in Huizhou, we can see it was not only an utilitarian seek which based on ethical pursuit,but also is an important part of Confucian ideal world which pursued by local elites.