Zhongshu Between Heaven And The Han Heaven

Heaven and human problem is one of the core issues of traditional Chinese philosophy, the focus or the theme of the Han Dynasty philosophy that is around "Exploring the relationship between Heaven and human" and made the issue carried out.Dong Zhongshu was the confucianism scholar of Han dynasty who used the heaven-based theory which explained the thought system about mankind telepathy and the telepathy between mankind and heaven. The thought system was born and growing in Great Union Period of Han Dynasty which centralization was firmed day by day and the social thought and culture was reviving and introjecting.In the thought system, firstly, Dong zhongshu absorbed and merged together some thinkers' ideas in the pre-Qin Dynasty, and then he treated Chun-qiu as his theoretical guide and added to the conception of "Yin" and "Yang" and the five Elements. Finally, he established the cosmic system about man and heaven that the core is universe itself. As a consequence, the thought system made by Dong zhongshu not only became the key point of a single's philosophical thought, but also provided the final theoretical basis for the Han Dynasty government's feudal rule in law. In addition, as one of the greatest achievements in the Han Dynasty, Dong zhongshu's theory of correspondence between man and heaven connected with foregoing age from pre-Qin and Qin Dynasty and carried out a new path of the thought at the same time.There was no doubt that it played a vary important role in Chinese traditional thought of man and heaven.Yet, seeing from a historical developing angle,the reason why Dong zhongshu set this theory was to adapt to society's realities and theoretical demands.It directly led to Confucian idea becoming ancient China's national ideology and the trunk of Chinese culture,with lasting thousands years.The theory of Dong zhongshu actually was an inevitable outcome with the development of economy, policies and culture in the early Han Dynasty. In other words, the economy's development, political control's stability and social culture's reviving and fusion, which is stimulated the union desire. From the Han Dynasty just founded to Han Wu Di succeed to the throne, the way of feudal unified whole was not only been the hightest ruler's demand, but also the lowest citizens'. Following emperor's policy of recommending the worthy and giving ways to the able, Dong zhongshu began to enter historical stage from then on, depending on and presenting the heroic theoretical undertaking which was based on the theory of correspondence between man and heaven.However,at last,it seemed that Dong zhongshu failed in participating in political activities by trying to use his own theory only.The reason was his theory had not been ripe.But this didn't mean Dong zhongshu's theory would be ended.Because of the thought of Chun-qiu Gong-yang developing well in the early Han Dynasty, Dong zhongshu could find a road to construct and improve his correspondent theory. As a part of modern Chun-qiu Gong-yang thought, Dong zhongshu's idea of enriched and developed the thinking of Gong-yang. At the same time, Dong zhongshu also achieved theoretical progress.To begin with,he relied on methods such as Kuang Bi Jian Duan,or acting according to circumstances or Tui Xin Jian Zhi to present 's original meaning. Further-more, he put forward the methed of Ci Zhi mediumming with sages and "Yuan" to explain the deep meanings with only a few words in < Chun-qiu>.On the whole, Dong zhongshu's Chun-qiu thought not only presented as the most authoritative evidence for the theory of correspondence between man and heaven, but also affected and improved the theory to concentrate on social political realities.So during setting the theoretical system, Dong zhongshu absorbed the conception of "Yin"and "Yang"and the five Elements to his theory. As a result, a model including heaven itself, the correspondence between man and heaven, and "Yin" and "Yang" and the five Elements was established, which made up the main part of Dong zhongshu's theory.From the day Dong zhongshu's theory of correspondence between man and heaven established,it occupied the leading position in the field of theories about man and heaven in the Han Dynasty.Affected by Dong zhongshu's theory,it appeared two completely different basic believes:the theory of correspondence between man and heaven and the theory of no correspondence between man and heaven.Meanwhile,it also presented a variety of ideas such as Chen Wei's mysterious theory, Wang Chong's natural theory and Zhang Heng's cosmic theory. It could be seen that these theories' appearance and development were society's demands that time as well as the result culture's and science's production.The thought about man and heaven formed in the Han Dynasty based on Dong zhongshu's theory of correspondence between man and heaven, had great historical significance and worthy.