Song Family Motto Study

Since the beginning of 20th century when Japanese scholar Konan Naito proposed the Tang-Song Social Transformation, there was an important historic transition taking place from the late Tang to song dynasty that being widely received in academic community. Being the beginning of Chinese modern history, social liquidity in song dynasty accelerated unprecedentedly which made every social level worry about theirs status's instability. In order to avoid the decline of family, people changed their or their forefathers'social experiences into prescription on offspring. There is no unction or stories in the sincerity vindicate among relatives that makes parental instruction become important historic materials. Under this social context, the article examines parental instruction of song dynasty in order to disclose the inward basis and outward conformation, to reflect enough the transformation of song dynasty through parental instruction.There is no systematic research on the subject. What is the exact content of parental instruction? What kind of document is the material of parental instruction? There is no one works or article doing systematic research on the subject up to now. Basing on the wide collection, arrangement, exploration and analysis, the article defines the concept of parental instruction of song dynasty, summarizes the basic representation, case studies the poem instruction and word instruction that the most secular representation of parental instruction, scientific concludes the source of parental instruction. The widening and application of historic materials of parental instruction is both the aim and the qualities of the article. The article concerns the unnoticed details such as family letters, dying declaration and patriarchal routine behaviors, illuminates the mother's instruction and female instruction that being ignored by most researchers. The article analyzes the reason of wide emergence of parental instruction in song dynasty, verifies parental instruction has become a strong instrument that embodies the scholar's cultivation right and cultural integration in the local society through the transformation of parental instruction made by scholars in song dynasty.