The Chinese Model Of Ancient Technology And The Humanities: Zhang Heng, In The Contemporary Aesthetic Vision

In the early and long history of humankind, science and technology and humanities are mutually blended and interlocked. However, with the development of modernity, the two are gradually moving toward separation from the unity. There is no doubt that the rapid development of science and technology has brought about great progress of the society, together with all kinds of well-beings for mankind, which makes science and technology play a dominant role even an axial position in human life. A strong science and technology leads to the marginalization of humanities, even worse, it gives rise to the conflicts since the 20th century. As science and technology has brought well-beings for humankind, it has also brought some negative effects for the alienation and even confrontation, resulting in the dissimilation phenomenon of science and technology. Everything seems to be confirmed by the blame of a British scientist Pearson:the growth of science eliminate the beauty and poetry of life. The long-term division and confrontation between science and technology and humanity lead to not only serious problems regarding population resource and environment but also the division of science and art and the incompletion of modern educational system the thoughts of modern people and academic system. We can not imagine that how hazardous a scientist is if he is lack of human qualities and human care. Wartofsky M has directly pointed out the risk that some scientists have broken away from their human community and created a serious crisis in our modern culture. Since the mid to the 20th century, people come to realize the huge disaster brought by the division and confrontation of science and technology and humanities. People of insight at home and abroad began to reflect the relationship between technology and the humanities. Therefore, how to address the relationship between science and technology and humanities has been one of the major problems in the modern aesthetic perspective. In the field of literature and art composed by humanities, art, with its ultra-utilitarian nature, represents the most typical feature of the human spirit. Therefore, the relationship between science and technology and humanities can be interpreted as that between science and technology and art.Since the 21st century, our country has raised the target of the balanced development between technology and humanity from national strategies and policies level, but the real integration of the two has a long way to go and requires a multifaceted, comprehensive exploration and practice. Therefore, how to solve the relationship between technology and humanities as well as technology and art, not only an in-depth, systematic study based on nowadays from an academic aspect are required but a need to look back into history, to sum up the useful historical experience,to explore the rich historical resources is demanded. In particular, the excavation of ancient Chinese historical resources, drawing on the wisdom and experience to guide the development of the contemporary is wanted. The early history of the West ancient Greek period and the Renaissance period was a period of primitive technology and cultural unity and during this time appeared Aristotle, up·Vinci and a number of encyclopedic philosophers. Because of the different history and culture, in ancient China humanity outweighed technology, there is no encyclopedic character, even after Song dynasty, a period which Chinese scholars reached a certain degree of height and the civil service system has been established. Therefore,it is more necessary and important to summarize and explore the successful Chinese ancient history.By studying the ancient Chinese cultural history, we are not difficult to find an outstanding scientific and technological universe talent who has both contributions and excellent literary cultivation.He is Zhangheng, eminent in science and technology and humanities and able to make the mutual and coordinated development. In a word, he is the perfect combination of science and technology and humanities. Looking back of the long history of ancient Chinese cultural from bird's eye view, there is only one person in the history who has made great contribution in both science and technology and art. Thus Guo Moruo regarded him as a comprehensive talent rare in the history.The paper attempts to provide some beneficial historical experience by studying and analyzing the combination of science and technology from Zhangheng, so as to provide ideas for our nation and education and an example for learning.The paper fully includes five parts and there are four parts after the introduction. The introduction is briefly about the overview of Zhang Heng's work and the current academic situation of him. Meanwhile, it illustrates the study purpose methods values and innovations based on the general study of him.Chapter 1 is about the pectination and defining of modern aesthetic perspective in theory. Then it explores the relationship between science and technology and humanities. By defining the content of them, the author discusses the developing track in Chinese and western history in terms of the relationship between science and technology and humanities.Chapter2 intends to analyze the achievements made by Zhang Heng from scientific and technological thoughts and instrumentation and the scientific methods. For the study of scientific and technological thought of Zhang Heng, the author starts mainly from the "spiritual constitution" in natural philosophy embodied in cosmology, as well as results of Zhang Heng's astronomical observations, ideas and technique count calendar governance in several key areas. For the study of instrumentation, the author studies the leakage switch celestial globe with Seismoscope manufacturing. On this basis, the paper explains some scientific researching methods ranging from effect like degree of shape and portrait made instrument.In Chapter 3,Zhang Heng's literary achievement is studied from two aspects:the aesthetic thought and literary creation. His aesthetic thought and creative performance are fully explored.The analysis of the aesthetic characteristics of Zhang Heng's literary works is researched from odes and the poetry. This chapter and chapter II are parallel to the logical relations, which are also the case studies of Zhang Heng's achievements.Chapter 4 analyzes the mutual promotion of Zhang Heng's scientific and literature achievements.Firstly, it covers the human connotation in the scientific activities, embodying on the scientific thoughts and instrumentation.Instrumentation represents the perfect of science and technology and art; Scientific papers represent the integration of science and literature. Secondly, it analyzes the scientific spirit in the literature works of Zhang Heng, embodying on the richness of literature brought by astronomy and the far-reaching effect by scientific spirit.