System Fair, Rational And Well-being

Since reform and opening up, Chinese economy and society have obtained rapid and sustainable development, the people's income and life level has been greatly raised, and the overall national strength of China has been obviously promoted. However, at the same time, the gap between the rich and the poor in contemporary China become large more and more, the urban population of unemployment increases unceasingly, and the social benefit conflicts occurs from time to time, which result in the unbalance between the economic development and the advancement of the citizen's happiness. It has become social consensus and the government aim claiming precedence over all others of advancing unceasingly the citizen's happiness according to the idea of putting the people at the key while promoting sound and rapid development of the national economy and keeping the harmony and stability of Chinese society. Therefore, it is of great importance both in theory and in practice of studying system rationality and welfare fairness and their relation with the citizen's happiness and exploring the systematic path of advancing unceasingly the citizen welfare and happiness from the perspective of the advancement of modern society's citizen's life quality and index of life happiness.The dissertation's breakthrough point is the analysis of the gap of income in the urban and the rural, social inequality, unbalance of society and economy. Its main line is the realization of public welfare and maximize of citizen happiness. Based on Marxism theory of equality and full and free development of people, it analyses with critique and refers to the utilitarianism theory of maximize of happiness with Bentham as its representative, the theory of economic welfare of welfare economics with Pigou as its representative, the theory of system vicissitude of system economics with North as its representative, and the theory of social justice with John Rawls as its representative. By studying the thought change of system rationality and welfare fairness and their rational insufficiency in social practice and comparatively analyzing the system rationality and welfare fairness of developed and developing countries, the dissertation, around the contradiction of rapid economic development and slow advancement of citizen happiness, combs and analyses issues in the construction of contemporary China's system rationality and welfare fairness and tries to establish a theoretical frame to study the efficient balance of social public benefits and individual benefit from the perspective of relatively reasonable and fair system allocation.Besides the introduction and conclusion, the dissertation is composed of 7 parts:The first part is the theoretical base of the system rationality and welfare fairness. Through combing and analysis of the justice theory of Marx and Rawls, social rights theory of Marshall and liberal development theory of Marty Sen, it put forward that the'rational collective decision'and 'system public person'is the basic assumptions of system rationality and welfare fairness. The second party is the historical study of the thought of system, welfare and happiness. It supposes that system structure influences not only the welfare state but also the people's feelings of happiness, which is decided by such two factors as economy and system.The third part is the analysis of the insufficiency of system rationality and welfare practice and it origins. It supposes that, by studying the phenomenon of rationality insufficiency in the system of income and distribution, culture and education, health, welfare and employment, the insufficiency of contemporary China's welfare fairness is resulted from the sole aim of economic efficiency and lack of the value idea of'fairness and justice'.The forth part is the comparative study of system rationality between developed and developing countries. It proposes that the theoretical and practical base to establish the generalized welfare pattern with Chinese characteristics. The generalized welfare system should be established as the strategic aim of Chinese welfare development, which must be based on the theory of fair distribution of welfare resources and citizen qualification.The fifth part is about the system justice and government responsibility. It mainly studies the government obligation in the construction of system rationality. As the main body of system supply and vicissitude, the government must undertake the responsibility of construction of system rationality.The sixth part is about the path to realize the system rationality and welfare fairness. The process of realization of system rationality and welfare fairness is that of the advancement of citizen happiness. The path to realize the system rationality and welfare fairness is to improve the economic policies and distribution system, to imperfect social policies and social welfare system, to stress the Pareto increase of cultural education, philanthropy and legal system, to strengthen cooperation of government and civil society in public governance, to resolve the main contradiction in contemporary China's social public field which is the people's unceasingly increasing need of public products and the insufficiency of budget supply for the public products.The seventh part is about the value appeal and rational expectation of sound social system. By definition of sound system and analysis of the contradiction of value appeal and social realities, it tries to establish the sound social system on the base of the basic value appeal for'fairness, justice, liberty, happiness, democracy', which may provide safeguard in system for the citizen's happiness.Pursuit for happiness is the basic aim for man and social development, and it is also the essential appeal of socialism system. In the frame of socialism system, only through the power of system rationality and safeguard of fair welfare can the citizen's happiness be advanced, the paradox of economy and happiness be resolved and the superiority of socialism with Chinese characteristics be further highlighted.