Functions Of The Socialist Countries Research

The thesis consists of the preface, the text and concluding remarks.The preface discusses the importance of the state functions and the functions of the socialist state of China in the aspects of human history, history of socialist construction in china and abroad, especially the history of the socialist opening, reform and the construction of the modernization in China.Chapter one studies the concept of the functions of state. I apply the standpoints, views and methods of Marxist state theory to explore the essence and the classification of state, the relations among the state functions and the state machines, the state systems, the state structures, the state organs and the state systems of organization, and point out that the state functions determined by the essence of state are the effect played by the state machine, which aim at realizing and meeting the interests of the ruling class; they are the role of ruling class backed up by the power of the state machine to realize and meet its fundamental interests and demands through various activities of the organs of state powers, which are guaranteed by the basic political systems and concrete political structures as the mechanisms ; they are the unity of the domestic and external, political and social functions of state. This chapter also analyses the relative independence of the state functions: they can promote the state essence and the historical progress of societies as well as hinder them; different state functions have different forms and spheres of actions, they have the characters of successions, systems, structures and nationalities. I briefly review the theories of the state functions of the thinkers in the western history from the ancient Greece to contemporary time, and especially analyses the cognition fruits from the writers of the western capitalist class. The chapter also studies the thought on the state functions of thinkers in Chinese history. Based on this review, we can understand the theories of the state functions more deeply and historically.Chapter two studies respectively the state functions in the histories of China and western countries. The researches on the state functions in Chinese history deepen the knowledge that the state functions are extremely important to the rise and fall of a nation or a dynasty, as well as understand better the historical influences of the functions safeguarding the unity of the nation and controlled ideology and culture which took shape since Qin dynasty. The analysis on the state functions in the western history, especially on the evolution of the capitalist class can make us draw many lessons from their policy changes in the economy functions of states. That chapter provides the historic comparison for us in studying the functions of the People's Republic of China.Chapter three briefly explores the history of the evolution of the state functions of the Soviet Union, the historical experiences, lessons from it, especially the influences of highly-centralized economical and political systems on socialist cause of Soviet Union tremendously in many ways, and the bitter lessons in reform causing the disintegration of Soviet Union. This makes us understand deeply the important original version of the state functions of china in one hand, and draw deep lessons inour reform in the state functions in the other hand.Chapter four studies the evolution of the state functions of china briefly and summarized historical experiences from it initially. The experiences are as follow: firstly, the state must play the leading role in socialist construction in china under the backward conditions in economy and culture, therefore the state functions are of vital importance to full play of advantages of the socialist system and success or failure of socialist cause in china. Secondly, the orientation of the state functions is a fundamental issue. After suffering many reverses and after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, we set the economic construction as a center place firmly. Th...