| Family firm, as a kind of economic organization form, has a greatly longhistory and is still prevalent without declining. Since enterprise came into being, human society has gone through agricultural, former industrial and industrial society, and now is gradually moving towards the rear industrial society with information times as its symbol. No matter in which society, the past or the coming, family firm generally survives and develops. In the broad east-asia where clan viewpoint of value is strong and the Confucianist culture is popular, the system of family firm occupies important position, even in the European and American developed market economies with advocated personal reasoning, good social information transmit channels and comparatively standardized markets, the enterprise of clan operation and clan control is still a kind of universal and important enterprise organization form. In the 500 big enterprises of the magazine of " wealth ", 1/3 is controlled by certain clan, and they are the remarkable companies in the world that have great achievements. See specificly for Chinese case, since reforming and opening up to the outside world, most private enterprises, which played an important role in China's fast economic development, have bright clan characteristics. These family firms have gone through fast developments, from few to many, from traditional professions to the high new technical fields such as information and biology, from the scattered, clan little workshops to cross-profession, cross-region and even multinational large scaled enterprise groups. As to the labour employment ,social stabilization and economic development etc., these family firms have the role that cannot be replaced. In contrast to the facts, in economics family firm is normally considered as a kind of the former modern enterprise organization form which has modern company's institution as its substitute, so that once family firm is mentioned, people usually connects it with various negative appraisements such as lagging behind production, inefficiency and petticoat influence. If the institution of family firm is a kind of loweffect and backward institutional arrangement, the universal existence of present Chinese and foreign family firms is a kind of phenomenon which deviates from the assumption of economic person's reasonable selection. Although we can not deny that family firm is a kind of economic organization that combines clan rules and enterprise regulations, family firm is at first a kind of operation entity which seeks survival in competitive markets, under the rigid restraint of the "invisible hand", the realization of clan benefit goals must be prerequisite with enterprise profit. If the institution of family firm does not have efficiency foundation, the entrepreneur and the option of family firm institution are unreasonable. Based on above-mentioned knowledge, with the structure of modern enterprise institution as a frame of reference, this thesis tries to establish a theoretical logic structural frame for the analysis of family firm institutional structure. This paper proves that the institution of family firm is also composed of the institutions on different levels such as exclusive property system, company management structure and regulation system as well as the contractual mechanism of behavioral constraints and their interactions. In this structural frame, this thesis analyze one by one the systematic components of the family firm, and with an economics method discuss the behind reasons for the voluntary option of this kind of institutional arrangement based on non-trade contract, so as to make a possible economic explanation of the so-called "unreasonable" institutional structure. On the foundation of overall analysis, this thesis concludes that the claimed optimum enterprise institution depends on the balances between cost and profit and among various institution structures, there is not a enterprise institution structure...
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