Political Beliefs And The Former Soviet Union

The Soviet drastic change is a significant event not only for the socialism movement of present age, but also in human history. Its influence and consequence are historically displaying. Therefore, the cause and lesson of Soviet drastic change have been the hot topics which the academic circles study. But, it is rare to study the Soviet drastic change from the angle of the political belief. However, Regardless of the historical facts or theoretical logic, all indicate the political belief change is an approach to figure out the "riddle of the historical"-the Soviet drastic change. Therefore, embarking from the Marxist historical materialism point of view, this paper studies the Soviet drastic change from the angle of political belief evolution by the means of unifying the history and logic, the analysis and synthesis, and using the knowledge of each discipline, which has the important theoretical and practical significance The paper mainly studies the historical process from the establishment, consolidation and distortion of the Soviet people's political belief to production, development and collapse of the political belief crisis, further analysis the influence of political belief evolution on Soviet drastic change. Besides introduction, the paper has five chapters.Chapter one elaborates the establishment of communist belief in the Soviet Russia. The communist belief was the objective request of social development in the Russian social reforming time, and the Russian people's right choice. But, as a result of special reason, the communist belief in Soviet Russia had the characteristic of traditional political belief, with the serious non- scientific factors. Thus, it was proposed that there were two big specific duties for political belief's construction in Soviet Union. The first was to strengthen the Marxist belief education, and obtain the people's approval to the communism theory. The second was to successfully carry on the socialist practice, and obtain the people's approval to the communism practice.Chapter two elaborates the communism belief to be consolidated and the distorted in Soviet Union. After October Revolution, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union started the exploration of communism belief construction. It included two main stages: The first stage was Lenin's exploration of communism belief construction. Lenin's new economic policy as well as the measures of thoughts, culture and education conformed to Russia practice. The second stage was Stalin's path exploration of the communist belief. Stalin formed different socialism pattern from Lenin. The practice of this pattern had consolidated the communist belief, but at the same time, also seriously distorted it. The communism belief was formed between the distortion and consolidation, so it contained the possibility of crisis. It is necessary to solve two big problems for melting the crisis. The first is to reform the Stalin's pattern according to changes of the objective historical condition, and provide the social foundation for the people's political belief. The second is to reform the educational system for the traditional political belief, and improve the education level of the political belief.Chapter three elaborates the produce and development of communist belief crisis. In the 40 years from the end of Second World War to Gorbachev being in power, Soviet Union had not solved the two main problems which were left from Stalin's time. The possible belief crisis became reality. Before Gorbachev came on stage, the inner-party opportunism ideological trend, "At Night Person" phenomenon, politics indifference, and especially the movement of holding different political views made the political belief crisis to an extremely serious degree. Certainly, compared the suspicion of socialism and Soviet communism with the approval, people think highly of the latter, and the political belief crisis still has the possibility to be melted.Chapter four analyzes the historical process where the communist belief collapse caus...