Siqing Movement

According to many documental data, this thesis makes a macroscopical comprehensive inspect for the origins, starting, spot testing, climax and ending of the Four Cleans Movement by closely encircling changes of the time and the 20th china society. The thesis makes comparatively objective appraisement of the Four Cleans Movement on the basis of it, moreover put forward some historical considerations from the view of summing up the historical experiences.The thesis includes introduction, text and conclusion.The following is the brief summary of the thesis.The part of Introduction expatiates on the. aim, the meaning, the current status and the literature of the study. Then it explains some ways and innovations of the study.Chapter One is the Origins of the Four Cleans Movement. During the democratic revolution, Mao Zedong said the most serious question is the education of the peasants. Since the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicraft industry and the capitalist industry and commerce has accomplished, the socialist education of the country cadres and masses is an important issue what Mao Zedong and the party most cares. From 1957 to the outbreak of the Great Cultural Revolution, the party nearly launch socialist education every year. The movement for the rectification of cadre work styles and the readjustment of communes was actually the preparation for the Four Cleans Movement. In domestics, the high-level cadres have a difference of opinion because of the view of the situation and the method of the solution, so Mao Zedong gave renewed stress to the class struggle at the 10th plenum of the 8th Central Committee. In international world, the difference of the Sino-Soviet ideology and the Soviet criticism of Three-Banners, which made Mao consider that the Soviet has become revisionism. At the same time, the strategy of the American "peaceful evolution" and the tension of the border, which made Mao Zedong take steps to oppose and prevent the revisionism. Those contributed to the Four Cleans Movement aiming at opposing the revisionism and preventing "peaceful evolution".Chapter Two is Starting and Spot testing. The chapter mainly inspects the basic conditions of the Central Working Conference of February 1963, the First Ten Points and the Later Ten Points. The author argues that the First Ten Points is the programmatic document of the Four Cleans Movement. It has very important impacton the whole process of the Four Cleans Movement. From the view of the formation and content, the First Ten Points has the left mistakes in general guiding principle. But some viewpoints and the specific stipulation are proper. From the view of the preliminaries, drafting and amendment, the Later Ten Points is an anti-left document. At the same time, the chapter gives an account of the general conditions, primary practice and some problems of the spot testing of the Five -Anti and the Four Cleans.Chapter Three is Spreading. The chapter mainly expatiates on the general conditions, primary practice and some problems that the Two Ten Points were expounded. The chapter gives an account of the main contents of the Spreading of the Five -Anti and the Four Cleans, as well as Mao Zedong's viewpoints about the Four Cleans. Mao Zedong believes that the situation of the class struggle is very serious at this stage. Those cause Mao Zedong firmly carry out the Four Cleans Movement, and let Liu Shaoqi lead the Four Cleans Movement. So the Four Cleans Movement comes to a climax.Chapter Four is Climax-formulate policies. The chapter mainly expatiates on the basic conditions of the Central Working Conference of May 1964. Comparing with the Central Working Conference of February and May 1963, the Conference has distinct difference, namely put forward some ideas and measures beyond the proper limit. It marks the left turning of the Party 's guiding principle. The chapter sorts out some viewpoints which Liu Shaoqi put forward in inspecting the Four Cleans Movement. It is the idea of fighting a war of Annihilation with concentrating forc...