The Relationship Among The Nation, The Collectivity And The Farmer During The Change Of Collective Property Rights

The relation among the nation, the collectivity (rural collectivity) and the fanner draws more attention of social scientists in recent years. This thesis, from angle of the system arrangement and change of collective property rights, makes a historic research on the village-encircled-by-city and comes to a general conclusion in the right perspective.This thesis consists of six parts.Of course, the first part is an introduction for why and how this study should be done.The second part explores the relation among the nation, the collectivity and the farmer during the form of collective property rights. Aiming at construction and consolidation of the national regime, the Chinese communists lead two social revolutions: the land reform and the agriculture cooperative. And at the same time, the collectivity and the collective property rights, embodying the national will, are created and named as collective ownership. Final analysis is on the relation among the three factors and the farmers inside.As the names displayed, the third part continues the second. Based on the mode of social compulsive change, this part comes to the point that the national power controls directly, also infinitely, the change of collective property rights. So, the nation acts as powers and property rights distributor, correspondingly, the collectivity acts as a social actor of practicing the national ideas. Directly controlled by the nation, the collective property rights carry out enormously economical, political and social performance.The fourth part holds that the rights system during People's Commune is in low efficiency and will be certainly replaced by the new. And, its innovation will be firstly sprouted from the changes of rights structure. Its logical starting point will be the obtaining of agricultural residue by the fanner who directly soiling and really creating and increasing wealth. Truly, fixing of farm output quotas for each household and family contract for the duty system symbolize the end of People's commune and the realization of farmer's property rights. Then, changes of relationship among all the factors sharing the agricultural benefits will be immediately taken place and will bring the village's prosperity. Finally is about the mutually increasing performance of the family contract for the duty system to the nation, to the collectivity and to the farmers.The fifth part concentrates on the relation of the three factors during the process of rural re-collectivization. On the case study, the thesis considers that the rural urbanization and the rural re-collectivization are the same because their changes' paths are the same. With the rural urbanization and sharing-system-company reformed from village-enterprise, the standard collective property rightsis on its road, economically and legally. This shows that relationship between the nation and the collectivity are more systematic and normal, but not closer. In fact, it's more and more obvious for systematization between the nation and grass-root society to be separating and independent. The collectivity intends gradually to self-government authorized by the law. By the means of adjustment and expending itself, the collectivity comes to the form of hegemony, in which farmer is forced to be organized again and strengthened his dependence to the collectivity.The sixth part then comes to a conclusion that the change of collective property rights is the vicissitude of relation among the nation, the collectivity and the farmer. During the formation of collective property right, the relation between the nation and the collectivity dominated the farmer. Along with changing of time, the nation directly controlled collective property rights, so the collectivity and the farmer depended more and more on the nation. In the 1980th, both the farmer and the collectivity were set free from the nation and their rights, especially the farmer's, were be approved. The relation between the nation and the farmer is on the top. Accompanied the reform of sharing-system-co...