Economic Research On Industrialization And Performance Of Agriculture Under The Circumstance Of Long-term Land-rented Contract

Aiming at features and realizing-conditions of agricultural industrialization under the circumstances of long-term land-rented contract (LLC), this dissertation mainly studies the performances of agricultural industrialization under the circumstances of LLC in China.By way of comparative economics and theory of contracts and property rights in neo-institutional economics. Accordingly, economic explanation of factors influencing the performances of agricultural industrialization under the circumstances of LLC is to be found.The essential thoughts of agricultural industrialization can be stated as follows: establishing a dominant industry, implementing territorialized distribution and specialized manufacture, setting up leader firms, developing scale economy and carrying out a kind of industry organization in which markets guide leader firms that will, in turn, promote base which will be closely connected with farmers. The realizing-conditions of agricultural industrialization determine that, under conditions of family-contracting system and decentralized management, industralization requires that farmers transfer their land to a certain scale so that scale operation can be undertaken and regionalized distribution can be realized.Family contract responsibility system is a primary form to realize rights and interests of public ownership in terms of property rights of land. Its property right structure can be described as follows: The property and disposal rights of land belong to community, farmers still own the land, and the benefit right will be shared by farmers and community. The benefit right has been reasonably dealt with, that is, "enough for the government and community and enough for farmers themselves," the farmers have, in fact, quasi property rights. Farmers have no transaction right, since the disposal right of land still belongs to community. Moreover, the owners of land in law, the workgroup, do not have real disposal right. The workgroup can only adjust the land inside with the change of population. The disposal right is essencially in the hand of the state.Property right is not unilateral right, but a series of rights.Whether there is complete property right depends on two factors: (a) the structure of the rights, and (b) whether the owners can implement the Property right completely. If owners have exclusive access rights, exclusive beneficial rights and freely transferential rights, we say that there are complete rights. On the contrary, if these rights are forbidden, restricted, or eroded, we say that there are only incimplete property right. Property and operating rights are separated by means of family contract responsibility system. Fanners have contracting and operating rights, while these rights are incomplete. Farmers are the core in agricultural industralization and the acts of farmers will affect the efficiency of the agricultural industralization. Meanwhile, farmers' producing activities are influenced by the structure and constraint of property rights under the circumstances of LLC.How can the agricultural industralization be implemented and extended so that the land can be transacted widely? Farmers' expectations can be influenced by the term of land contract. Theoretically, LLC may stabilize farmers' expectations and change their deeds. But countrywide practice of agricultural industrialization indicates that farmers' income went up slowly after 1993 and farmers have chosen to abandon farming and let their land desolated under the constraints of property rights. As a result, land can not be transacted efficiently and regionalized distribution is difficult to be formed.During legislation of the land contract which remains 3 to 30 years unchanged, land kept on being adjusted. As a result, access and operation rights of land are unstable, fanners had no stable expectations and had various kinds of work, and the speciliazation in agricultur has been relatively low. Agricultural industrialization is a complete industrial chain and low pecialization has affected the development of...