Study On Timberland Market And Timberland Market Allocation

Forestry in China faces double pressures of the austere ecology environment protection and the increasing demands of timber and forest product. But the low using efficiency of timberland is inappropriate for this austere realism. In view of above-mentioned actual background, the paper studies on the institution arrangement to improve timberland resource allocation in our country and draws some basic conclusions as following:1. Market economy system is based on market mechanism. Under market economy system, there are two resource allocation modes—market allocation and government allocation, and the problem of marker failure is in existence. However, to realize the allocation of timberland resource efficiently, it should give priority to market mechanism as the way of allocating timberland resource. In view of the special effect that timberland resource using on ecology environment protection, it is necessary for government to intervene the allocation of timberland resource. But intervene should be with definite restrictions, chooses appropriate way, acts on the premise of giving play to market mechanism availability and prevents the "government failure".2. The analysis of the institution of timberland resource shows that the allocation of timberland resource in China isn't based on market mechanism. It embodies on three aspects: (1) the gratuitous utility of national timberland resource and the using entity centralization; (2) the regionality and sealability of collectivity timberland resource, and institution arrangement of attaching importance to "equity" and make light of "efficiency" during the management of collectivity timberland; (3) timberland property right is difficult to flow, which restricts the optimizing allocation on factors of production, such as timberland resource, capital,labor, technology and management talent.3. The market distribution of timberland resource is based on the growth of timberland market, which is the place for timberland property right bargain. In light of the basic institution of land property right in China, the full timberland property right market system should involves: the requisition market of timberland property right, the remising market of timberland right of use, the lending market of timberland right of use, the alienation market of timberland right of use and the underlease market of timberland right of use.4. As the using of timberland resource plays an important role in ecology environment, and in view of particularity of timberland resource, it is necessary to sustainable use timberland resource. Therefore, the mode of timberland property right in China can only be monopoly-competition mode. Competition enables market mechanism to play efficiently to improve the allocation efficiency of timberland resource. Monopoly embodies, on one hand, in the single monopoly of requisition of timberland by government; on the other hand, in that the government should manage timberland market forcefully by timberland use layout, timberland classified use, timberland use control, timberland use monitor and evaluation, timberland property right bargaining checkup and admission and the powerful control of timberland use revenue and credit policy and so on.5. The price of timberland resource is one of important problems in market allocation of timberland resource. Because the dominant use aim of commodity timberland is different from that of commonweal timberland, the price connotation and the evaluation way are also different. The price of commodity timberland is the capitalization of land tax provided by commodity timberland, which can be evaluated by the method of land tax capitals market comparison* inverse account leavings and proportion. The price of commonweal timberland is the capitalizationprovided by commonweal timberland, which can be evaluated by the method of equivalent substitution, accelerating factor analysis and compensation aberrance. From the result of norm price of commodity timberland resource, existing transfer bargaining of timberland right of use of timberland market can reflect the economic value of timberland right of use, but the standard of compensation of timberland expropriation is too low to embody the intrinsic economic value.6. Timberland property right institution is the key of timberland market allocation. Market allocation of timberland resource requires that timberland property right possesses exclusive, fluidity and abundance connotation of timberland right of use. So the reform of national timberland property right institution should mainly change the centralization of national timberland use entity and the institution of combination of the users with the managers of timberland; the reform of collective timberland property right institution should clarify property right entity and define the timberland right of use.7. The optional way to strengthen market allocation of collectivity timberland resource are as following: (1) collectivity mountain forest leasehold taking the place of gratuitous contract management; (2)the invite-bids and auction of collectivity mountain forest right of use taking place of agreed sell; (3)based on the property right, realizing the combination of the right of use of collectivity mountain forest with social capital. To strength market allocation of national timberland resource, we should consider the actual problems that national forestry enterprise facing and the departure of use function on play chess of market reform of central government , local government and national forestry enterprise, and impart some economic inspirit to local government and national forestry enterprise. There are some ways: (1) stratagem recombining of national forestry enterprise, to remise and lend part timberland managerial authority; (2) national forestry enterprise...