Political Authority And Contemporary China Political Development

This essay is a specific research about the contemporary political development of China, i.e. a study about the rational construction of the Chinese contemporary political authority. In the micro vision of the modernization, it is an issue under the guide of Marxism to reconstruct the Chinese contemporary political authority during the transformational period from the normative perspective.The harmonious human society calls for steady social and political environment and systematically order of social life. It indicates historically that a well organized social and political system needs political authority to construct and maintain. The political authority is not only the need of a state's reason, but a product of a society's reason. In a modern society, the authority of the ruling party and the government forms a political system of authority. In a socialist country, the people's government is founded and led by the communist party, the ruling party. So, the party's authority and the government's authority are closely related. Without the party's authority, there would be no the government's authority. So, if we want to build political authority, the main task is to build the party's authority and its government's authority.The communist party of China (CPC) is the core leadership of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the ruling power of the country. Since the reform and opening, our country has stepped into the period of transformation under the co-effects of the market economy and the globalization. The profound transformation of the society's economy, politics and culture has promoted the development of the socialist economy and politics, quickened the whole nation's modernization on one hand, on the other hand, this transformation also accompanies with factors of turbulence, and even brings some political instability, which has weakened people's identity towards the authority of the Party and the government. The basic preconditions which concern a nation's survival and development are the maintenance of the political authority and the assurance of the nation's unity. The draining of legitimate resources will surely lead to the instability of politics, and at last jeopardize the political system. The Report at 16th Party Congress points out that the combination and centralization of the Party and the government is the fundamental interest of the whole nation. So we must firmly support the central authority of the CPC, and guarantee that the government decrees will be unimpeded. The history shows that the existence of a powerful central authority is the base which will keep Chinese society steady, united, continuous and progressive.The maintenance of the central authority relates to the realization of the leadership, and it is the fundamental condition which will bring into play the core leadership during the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics. So, in the new historical environment, there would be special important sense to maintain the centralization and combination of the Party and the government, and to maintain the authority of the Party and the government.The introduction includes four parts. The first part mainly expounds the significance of order in human's political life, and authority is the organic part and necessary institution which construct and maintain the order. The political authority, which embodies the social members' self-obedience and self-identity towards the government (including the celebrities, the ruling party, the state organizations), the political regimes (including the principles of state founding, basic institutions, the system of organizations and the basic policies) and the political system formed in the process of operation,is the legalization of the political power, the value which is shown by the mass's mentality, emotion, attitude and belief towards the public power. The legitimacy is the inner requirement of the political power. It is mainly includes three aspects: the identity with idea, with rules and with validity. The second part mainly expounds the politieal development's meaning, contents or standard, and two ways of it.The third part mainly expounds the main train of thought for the essay, including the value of the essay. The last part briefly discusses the current research situation in this topic and the analyzing angle of this essay.The fist chapter, inclnding three parts, mainly reviews the evolution of the political authority during the transformation period. The first part expounds the basic structure of China's traditional authority of politics and its ending in the late Qing dynasty. The second part mainly expounds the vanishing of the party politics advocated by the parliament in the early years of the Republic of China and the founding of Nan Jing Kuomingdang government and its authority dilemma. The third part mainly analyses the developing logic of China's revolution during the modern times and the establishing and consolidating of the CPC's political authority.The second chapter includes four parts, and mainly discusses the new challenges that the political authority, whose core is the CPC, is facing during the society transformational period which is deepened by the reform and opening (the main variables are market institutions and globalization). The fast part mainly expounds the challenges towards the CPC's leadership and way of ruling, its structure, aroused by the changes of the relationship between the state and society since the opening and reform. The second part discusses the challenges towards the political authority aroused by the pluralistic trend of the interest groups. The third part mainly discusses the challenges aroused by the propagation and explosion of the corruption and the last part discusses the challenges aroused by the differentiation and variation of the political culture.The third chapter, including three parts, mainly analyses the importance of the political authority upholding the CPC as the core leadership during the transformational period. The first part mainly focuses on the developing path of China's modernization, pointing out that China is a late-developing country, and this kind of country needs the effective and active political impulsion in order to develop. The second part mainly focuses on the value adoption of China's modernization, pointing out that China's modernization needs socialism as its value; the socialist modernization requires the CPC as its core leadership. The third part focuses on the situation inside and outside the country which China's modernization faces, pointing out that China's modernization is undergoing in a super-scale society, and such kind of society calls for the strengthening the integration of the society, and the society integration needs the Party and government's political authority. At last, it should point out that the challenges aroused by the international situation also need us to strengthen the political authority with the leadership of the Party.The forth chapter includes four parts, and mainly expounds how to build up contemporary Chinese political authority in the social transitional period through political construction. The politics is the soul and commander of the social life, the authoritative distribution of the social value. So, fundamentally, we need political construction if we want to enhance China's contemporary political authority. The first part mainly discusses how to build up political authority around the basic point of the ruling party's authority. This theme is further extended as the relationship between the Party and the government, between the Party and the mass, and the relationship inside the Party. The second part mainly discusses the way of enhancing the public supervision and restriction to build up political authority. We then will analyze this part from the angle of how to restrict the power by right, power, and the moral.The third part mainly discusses the way to build up political authority through the improvement of the government's achievement and efficiency, and I will analyze separately from the promotion of the social and economic development, the enhancing of the harmonization of interest and the maintenance of the social justice and fair, the building of the service-type government. The fourth part mainly discusses the method to build up political authority by way of promoting the construction of political culture, and analyzes separately the renovation and development of the current political culture, the enhancing the socialization of political life, and the promotion of the construction of civil culture.