Republic Of Politics And The Republic Of Political Science

This dissertation firstly presents two political value orientations by examining three political research fields in the period of the Republic of China (ROC), then analyzes the political and societal causes of the formation of the value orientations and political science, and finally deals with the relations between politics and academy.The issues dealt with in this dissertation are as follows: First, what is the politics of the ROC like: How does it form? What does it discuss? What conclusions does it come to? Second, what are the political value principles that constitute the political theory of the period of the ROC and how do they come into being? Third, what are the political and societal conditions where that politics is generated? The former issue is the representation of the history, and the latter two are focused on the analysis of political science.The objects of the research include the professors and scholars engaged in political research during that period, their works and activities. The time of this research is confined to the years around 1930s but without specific beginning and ending points. As political research is mainly focused on the normality of politics and abnormal political theories bear little universal guiding significance, 1927-1937 is the well-known "golden period" for our research as for Nanking Government. Meanwhile, however, the researches prior to 1927 serve as the basis for the 1930s' political research, and the political research publications after 1937 are its continuation.This thesis draws on a wide range of data, including, first, historical documents about diversified universities, their departments and education, etc.; second, those theorists' and scholars' works, political and current affairs comments; third, their autobiographies, letters, diaries and memoirs, fruitful memorial materials—memorial remarks or comments written by the friends and the pupils of those professors; fourth, related files and data about the political history of the ROC; etc..This paper consists of six chapters as well as introduction and conclusion. In the introduction, key concepts (democracy and centralization) and basic concepts (modern western political science) are defined, and an overview is given of the status quo and findings of the political research of that period. The first chapter gives a description of the evolution of the political settings of political science of the ROC from an historical perspective. The second chapter summarizes and analyzes thepolitical and societal causes of the formation of the two political value orientations, namely, namely, democracy and centralization. In the third through the fifth chapter, the state theory, government theory and political party theory of the ROC are clearly demonstrated and illustrated in turn. The sixth chapter elaborates the political settings of political research of the ROC. And the conclusion deals with the tension between politics and political academy and emphasizes its significance as a vital force in promoting the rational state construction.This paper concludes that: firstly, the political theoretical paradigm of the ROC is an ensemble of democracy and centralization, for the state theory, government theory and political party theory are all centralization-orientated in values and institutional arrangement and, nevertheless, are focused on democracy in the political process (especially in the Four Political Institutions) and institutional arrangement principles (Decentralization). Generally, the political research of the ROC displays a prosperous general layout where plural political researches coexist, compete and interact and forms a triangle situation of liberalism politics, nationalism politics and Marxism politics.The above-mentioned political theoretical paradigm of the ROC results from these three causes: First, the political theoretical legacy succeeded from late Qing dynasty and the beginning of the ROC which insists subjectively that Chinese politics is not an exceptional but a common point of west political evolution chain, political theorists' western liberal educational background which made them recognize and correct west democratic politics; second, the values of centralization due to the centralization logic that state construction needs, the lack of pillar classes in the ROC, and historical experiences and lessons; third, the traditional ideology of social freedom in China, some KMT's statesmen's personalities, and the paradoxical plural politics of weak dictatorship stemming objectively from authoritarian politics controlled by single party, which provides plural political researches with living space. Meanwhile, for the lack of corresponding economic and social bases, the political research of the ROC collapse after KMT's dictatorship suppressed academy.