The Illusion Of Ideology And The Reality Of Late Capitalism

Today , the ideology is still a complex concept, not only windingly in theory history, but also its connotation, hiding property, unreal, confuses and its real field - - society itself - - also numerous and complicated.At the beginning of ideology initiate, it sets up the solid scientific foundation for knowing the humanity rationally world as to take the exploration the desire by the kind of knowledge"the idea study", then arranges human and the life and society's realistic system above this foundation.However, in political struggle, because this kind"the idea study"hindered Napoleon to restore the monarchy path, it was vetoed of fantasy, thus Hegel and after thinker all regarded it as the"the critique target". Specially when Marx leaded the ideology into the vision of social theory the field, then he believed, the ideology is the thought political instrument of bourgeoisies'hiding the solid aim of the capitalism exploiting, he thus carries on the sharp critique from the historical materialism angle to it, which accumulated the ideology theory profound critique main key.Therefore, the West Marxism and the correlation school of thought all have absorbed the different nutrition from the Marx theory. Especially Lukacs, founded ideology pattern which called"the function principle"by the variations of the bourgeoisie ideology and the"new"proletariat class consciousness.Accumulating of these historical theory, Jameson gave the response from the different angle, simultaneously also becoming the real theory origin of his later period capitalism culture ideology critique.Jameson regarded Marx ideology theory as the"circle of thinker's `which Floyd called inspirational as the Copernicus type revolutionizes ' stage". Thus, Marx's ideology theory is foundational, it is playing the role which links the preceding ideology theory - - not only the summary of theories, also the source of each kind of theory anomalous.Therefore, by the Marx theory standpoint, Jameson believed, those theory which look like mature, only seeking separately in the quite complex reality to some different critique angle, such as, the discrimination of genuine and fake of old-style ideology theory emphasis, started by Lukacs on the ideology transformation function critique, Frankfurt on the negativity critique of the cultural industry which produces to the rationality, Althusser's interrogation of non-political organization"the", Foucault's attention on main body authority and words control, the search by psychoanalysis school of thought to human's subconscious and so on, but the true critiques should be an integrity critique, also is, in the unification angle of view narrating which constrains cultural text by historical, communality goal and the function dialectically.Then, Jameson proposed that in stave later period capitalism culture - - modernism - - ideology idolum, we should hold ground by the historical materialism sight, under the bulking property, deriving the strength from"the reality existence Utopia", with"political unconsciousness"and"cognition mapping"the theory weapon perseveres the ideology critique, in order to model the global proletariat"the revolution"strength in globalization. This is one kind of ideology critique logic, aiming at the later period capitalism culture ideology.In this strategy, Jameson made Mandell's"capitalism three by stages"the elaboration and the capitalism culture three forms correspond, inherited the structuralism culture concept foundation, he developed an analysis later period capitalism culture - - modernism - - history, the materialistic theory mentality.Jameson believed,"if accuses after modernism which is proud overbearingly for the dispirited final symptom, or regards these new forms for new technical and the technical ruling Utopia as omen, the more appropriate way seemed to appraise the new cultural production by effective supposition, namely comprehensive revising culture restructures in the frame of later period capitalist system society".Therefore, Jameson first saw the society the fission and human's atomization under the bulking property demand from after modernism; Next saw that is taking whiles away on the collective fantasy training with the entertainment as the form in after modernism Utopia fantasy; Then leads human's existence and the life into"the antinomy"the situation, which is"ends all"and the tenacious immediately seal circumstances; But after all these are results from precisely modernism and the expense society altogether with the financial capital isomorphism.Dispelled by Jameson, behind the shades of later period capitalism culture ideology, we saw that capitalism was only the third time which wan transformed to the shape which said by Mandel l - - later period capitalism. In the 20th century 50's, capitalism crowded around from the periodic crisis which has old extricates in the third technical revolution and under the new energy science and technology, however the capital natural disposition has not changed, it only is transforms a purer form dialectically in the original foundation - - in the global scope ultra space and time, hypothesized through the second time abstractly (financial capital) dissemination.Such system expansions and the form renewals cannot fundamentally eliminate the capitalism crisis, it has contained a bigger crisis in-depth according to its extremely rich elastic compatibility instead and more widespread place, but this crisis is concealed actually by after modernism ghost. Once this crisis erupts, the capitalism immediate universality (ultra space and time) and instantaneity (overtime) will have the broken link strength and the deconstruction strength.Facing the immediately capitalism, the predecessor already gave advance notice its demise, however after putting up a last-ditch struggle, capitalism still hangs , dies with stiff, stiff with immortal, decays its own elasticity. Ended in such situation - - ideology, the communism died, Jameson is still raising high the Marxism flag, by great narrative logic, as he demonstrated in "Political Unconsciousness", proved Marxism still have the scientific nature in the later period capitalism - - the elasticity which unfolded by the capitalism, the Marxism was similarly a dialectical opening system; Because the Utopia has vanished, which indicates the Utopia clearly the reality existence. Perhaps this only is"a solemn and stirring bold gambling", but hope and realization are in this magnificent feat.