Between History Laws And Free-Choice

The core of relation of history laws and free-choice is the question of existing of history laws. In 20 century, there was a long and severely controversy about it. The two representative appointments were liberalism and real socialism. The doctoral paper strives to compare and analyze all kinds of points.The traditional views of history laws was born in U.S.S.R. It insisted on a doctrinaire thinking pattern. Although it had a positive action of spreading Marxism, establishing and stabilizing social regime, it contained one more mistakes about the thoughts of Marxism history laws. For exemple, it emphasized absoluteness and inevitability of history laws but neglecting its relativity and chanciness. Especially, when propagandizing the objectivity of history laws, it didn't set eyes on people's actions on history laws at all. So, it often had to face up all kinds of critiques from different dimensions.The most influentialest opposition came form liberalist, such as Karl Popper, Isaiah Berlin and Ramond Aron, etc. According to the primacy of individual liberty doctrine, they negated the traditional views of history laws completely. Objectivly speaking, their criticisms surely pointed out the key problems of the traditional views of history laws.But through reading up their texts, people could always find out a fact, that is, what they criticized is only the doctrinaire views but not the real thoughts of Marxist history laws.Just for this, on one side, social democrats and western Marxists criticized the traditional views of history laws, but on the other side, they also did their bests to reread and develop Marxism to adapt to the speedily changed society. What social democrats choiced was moral and ethic angle, and western Marxists'angles was value. Facing up all of the critiques, from 1960's, U.S.S.R Marxists had to set their foots on the road of thoroughly studying the thoughts of Marxist history laws. At the same time, times offers a good chance to help them correct their mistakes. The postmodernism thoughts, which is in the ascendant, makes for deepening the understandings to the thoughts of Marxist history laws.Through looking back the centuary controversy, we can draw such a conclusion. That is, the key problem of the debate is not the history laws exists whether or not, but how history laws exists and how to intergrat history laws with free-choice organicly. In the new history contexts, we will have an opportunity for developing the thoughts of Marxist history laws.