Study On The History Of The Change Of Migration Of Population And Residential Distribution In Seoul

Taking History, Demography, and Urban Geography as supporting theories for research, focusing on issues in urban population movement and population distribution, the thesis sets forth integral, systematic summary and analysis over Seoul's urban development process and development causes, lays out the transition process and epochal characters of population movement and population distribution, governmental policy as well as its adjustment actions. In addition, the thesis gives a profound summary and interpretation over the existing problems, the experience and lessons drawn from the governmental approaches to Seoul's population movement and distribution, and gives a highlight on the exploration to scientific plan for urban construction as well.It gives readers systematic understanding over social position, basic development routes and epochal characters of Seoul in Korean Historical Development Phases, helping readers come to a scientific understanding over the existing problems and count ermeasures in Korean capital's population migration and population distribution, and envisioning bright future of development of Seoul.The thesis consists of three parts, respectively Preface, Principal Argument and Conclusion.Preface is composed of the following parts, basic research motive and research significance, research status and existing problems, applicable basic research theory, research main object and creative point and etc.Principal argument consists of five chaptersChapter one mainly expounds on the various reasons that made Korean Feudalist Dynasty rush to remove capital from Koryo Capital Kaesong to Seoul as early as its foundation in the end of the14th century, and also elaborates the capital relocation process and its historic significance, and describes changes and historical characters in Seoul's population movement and population distribution in different ages of Korean dynasty.In the long course of the Korean feudalist history, due to a number of historical reasons such as underdeveloped social economy, backward commodity circulation and communication means, population movement of capital Seoul was inactive, and Seoul's population growth was slow. And the most significant feature was that the population area was divided by rigorous hierarchical system, as a result, the aristocratic class lived in the downtown, while truck farmers and the poor people had to live in the outskirts. After entering the modern society in the60's of19th century, following the invasion of foreign capitalism, the development of commercial economy, and the collapse of feudalist hierarchical system, Seoul's population movement came to life, and some changes started to take place in population distribution as well.Chapter two mainly dwells on changes in Seoul's population movement and population distribution, and its epochal characters in the beginning period of the20th century when Korean was under the colonial control of Japanese Empire. Following Japan's Forced Annexation of Korea in1910, with ulterior motive, Japanese Empire changed Seoul, previously called Hanseung-bu, to Gyongseung Bu which subject to Gyonggi-do. This act degraded social class of Seoul which was the capital of Korean Dynasty with500yrs history, and following which, Japanese established in Seoul the supreme colonial authority, the Governor-general of Korea.During the36yrs of colonial rule under Japanese Empire, the most significant character in Seoul's population movement and population distribution were the swarming of Japanese colonial rulers into Seoul, the Japanese occupation of the busiest downtown living districts, and the flooding of farmers whose land had been plundered by Japanese into Seoul, all of which forced these farmers to build a wide range of new slums in No Man's Zone in the outskirts of Seoul, all these phenomena reflect the distinct epochal feature of colonial metropolis.Chapter three gives an illustration over the changes in Seoul's population movement and population distribution, and its epochal characters in the period from August1945, when the National was liberated, to1964, when Korea had not yet launched modernization construction. At this stage, Korea had gone through complex and drastic transitions, from American Military Rule to Foundation of DPRK, to Three-Yr Korean War, and to Postwar Reconstruction.During these transitions, Seoul's population migration had experienced abrupt changes in the number of population, the major causes of which were such as massive return of overseas Korean after liberation, outbreak of Korean war in Jun1950, and the unceasing wars of chaos seeking to retake back Seoul from the hands of enemy, and postwar refugees flocking into the city. By the time of1964, Seoul had already turned into a big city with3million population, mostly living around the downtown area; while in districts such as Jongno Gu, Jung Gu which were considered as the downtown of Seuol in all ages, population density and accommodation capacity had hit the upper limit, and these districts were beginning to expand toward outskirts according to plan under the national government guidance.Chapter Four gives a discussion on issues such as Seoul's huge population development, population distribution changes, and social characters ever since the commencement of the campaign, the large scale modernization construction in1965, and also on issues including Seoul's position and actions in Korea's modernization construction. Ever since Korea launched the modernization construction in the60's of the mid20th Century, Seoul has not only become the Capital, the center of Politics, Economy and Culture, but also it has rapidly developed into a center for Fledging Industries. Along with the enormous improvement on High Way, Subway Construction and quick development in modernization construction, non-native population flew into Seoul more than500thousand each year on average at this phase. And after stepping into the90's, Seoul has been developed into a large city with a population number exceeding10million, and the problems arising from district population concentration and from over-concentrated population in the habitat, started to take shape. As of the70's, successive governments have been paying great attention to problems such as district population concentration, population over-concentrated in the Capital living districts, and have laid out plans to enact and promote countermeasure policies including Population Control, Population Distribution, and Urban Expansion. This period is significantly featured with the prosperous development of the new district of Gangnam in Seoul, and the development of the new satellite cities in the peripheral areas.Chapter five gives highlight on lot of problems existing in the population movement and population distribution of Seoul, the city of metropolis, setting forth summary over lessons and reflections on pertinent governmental policies, on exploration to the establishment of scientific countermeasures, and on envisioning the bright future. Despite successive Governments'efforts to enact and promote various policies and approaches in different periods, yet at present, the population of Seoul has reached over10million, if Incheon Kwangyok City and Gyonggi-do included, the population of Capital zone would reach more than21million, accounting for46.3%of the National Population (46million, as of year2000), as a consequence, many practical problems gradually rises such as development of national land unbalanced, population over concentrated in Capital and Capital zone, as well as ecological environment deteriorated. A right attitude should be taken, which is to face up the existing problems, to give deep reflection and give scientific summary over the relating policies of the successive governments, and to learn from experience and lessons. In addition, we ought to be modest in learning and borrowing advanced experience from foreign metropolis construction and management, to develop realistic, scientific, programmed, permanent, and forceful policies for Seoul's development plan, and to build a lively, beautiful, harmonious and happy Capital.In the conclusion, the thesis gives comprehensive analyses and summaries to the historical character of Seoul's development, to the experiences and lessons drawn from National policies and approaches concerning population movement and population distribution, presenting scientific constructional countermeasures and envisioning bright future of development.