Environment And Small National Survival

I. The purpose and significance of the titleSome small ethnic group got into troubles in the course of modernizations after the end of the 19th century. The traditional culture and life style of the ethnic group encountered the vigorous attempts, even incline to extinct. All of this becomes the focal point, which was concerned by the anthropologists.The Oroqens which was inhabited the Xing'an Mountains regions was the typical small nationalities in the world. The Oroqens was a primitive hunting nationality that makes a living as a hunter in primeval forest. The society and culture of the Oroqens have large changes with the modernizations of the whole nations since 1950's. We may found some common problems through investigating the course and cause of this change. Through using the past documents and my studies for reference, I think that the cultural change of the Oroqens has something to do with the exploitation of the natural resources and the transform of living space in the Oroqens regions.The Oroqens' traditional culture was a typical sample that small nationality conformed to natural and cultural surroundings, and this simple adaptability helped to bring about a simple culture. The development and evolution of the Oroqens' traditional culture was compelled to suspend along with the violent change of living environments.According to the aforementioned analyze, I think that the essential issue of small nationalities' existing was adaptability between simpleculture and living environments.II. Thinking and methodThis article focuses on the three questions. Firstly the Oroqens' domestication to reindeer was suit to natural and cultural surrounding. Secondly simple living environments fettered the Oroqens' adaptability to new surrounding. Thirdly the author considered the contradiction between the small nationalities and their living environments originated from external pressure.This article explores the relationship between the hunting culture and the Oroqens' living surrounding by the two clues, vertical and horizontal. Firstly the government helped the Oroqens to settle down since the middle of the 20th century and the settling living promoted the Oroqens' living and producing style to change. Secondly the violent change of the Oroqens' external environments also influenced their traditional living style. This paper provides a new thinking to study cultural change of the other small nationalities.