Punishment And Students' Development In School Education

Punishment is a method of education.Reasonable punishment which has positive meaning is a very necessary in school education.But because of people exaggerating negative effect of punishment and their partial thought to it, more and more people refuses praticing punishment in school education. Under the presure of this kind idea, school educator darn't punishes student's cacoethic action. Although punishment itself has unavoidable negative effect, we can't deny positive effect because of its negative one. "teacher daren't punish",which deny the relationship between punishment and education and its positive value of promoting students'development and which is a total repudiation action,is a wrong action. In the paper, I am in favor of punishment is necessary and unreplaceed in school education, because it can promote students' development.Punishment can promote students'rational factor.It can promote their judgement ability of descriminating right and wrong, and can promote their chosen ability, and can promote their perceptual ability of Interpersonal relationship ,and can promote their justice ideas. Through punishment, how to advance students' rational factor? First of all, punishment should base on student's coginition phase; Second, punishment should promote individuls' coginition to higher stage; Punishment should know clearly their confliction of coginition; Persuasion in punishment should be as a method of conducting and arousing, not forcement and inoculation. Teachers should communicate with individuals equally, not only present their authority.Punishment can promote students' irrational factors. First, punishment can excite their motivation of correcting fault to kindness. Because kindness is premise of moral study, "shunning evil, promoting good" is motivation of human nature of punishment generation.It can use individuals'aspire to be respected and return collective to creat such motive. Then punishment can stimulate individual's shame sense. Punishment can stimulate them to experience meaningful suffering and make their cognition and emotion unbalance to produce it. Punishment can stimulate their shame sense through remoding respect emotion to rules and depending on the public participation. Third, punishment can excite individuals'sense of reponsibility. It can make the development of objective responsibility to subjecitive responsibility. Finally, Punishment is helpful to individuals' willpower shapement. Suffering and defeat are dynamic resousement to individuals'development, punishment can strgenth their bear capability and their regulation ablility of action. The fininal purpose of punishment is to achieve students' self-discipline, which means individual has the ability of possessiveness, the ideas of independence and the ideas of self-conscious. Student can punish and educate themselves, their methods are as follows: collective public condemn, contact restriction between students, fight and body punishment, criticism and self-criticism, individual's conscience guilty and self-blame. Teacher can do something as a leader between student's punishment and education as to develop their self-educated ability. For example, teacher can guide them to establish good public opinion, and can cultivate students' communication skills intentionally, and can develop students' self-evaluation ability.Punishment is to protact and regulate students'thought and action,so we can't punish students simply, we need trace its effect and know their reaction. Even if punishment is mild, it is negative evaluation to them. Punishment can cause negative emotion to students; they are pain, fear, enmity, antipathy and so on. If they are appeared, teacher need guide and console, in the key point to students is the ability of self-adjustment and adaptation. Punishment can lead students'negative self-defeated action. Students have two kinds of such action.one is to lie. Their motivation of lying is to aviod punishment.To their action, teacher should re-educate, but the key point is to know the cause of lying. Another is reprisal. Teacher should treat such action as normal, and cann't judge them as immoral. The kinds of students have .lower stages of cognition. On the one point, teacher should lead them to higher stage of cognition; on another point, teacher should cultivate their ability of self-regulation and self-estabilishment. Punishment can affect self-education of individuals:Punishment may weaken their inner-punishment mechanism, and may lead them to comlying inactively, and may lower their self-evaluation. Such effect can be eliminated by below ways:First, punishment should respect students, not because of this to lower their personality. Second, educator and educatee should establish deep emotion. At last, teacher should have right thought to students, teacher should treat them as whole person with independent personality, and they should respect students' will, need, emotion, and they pay attention to evoke students's self-education mechanism.