Research On Water Allocation Management In China

Water resource is lack in China. Along with population growth and economy development, water resource demands are mounting up gradually. There are key factors to carry out sustainable development in China, such as rational allocation of limited water resources, coordinating water resource requirements of different regions and promoting water quality integrally improvement. Based on multivariate statistical analysis aiming at water resource supply and requirements in China, investigations have been done on water resource allocation management about water quantity distribution and water pollution control. Summing up nowadays experiences of water quantity distribution program in China, water quantity allocation model has been established based on unification basin management, evaluation indicators and methods have been put forward to promote tradable water right, water pollution control efficiency has been investigated from the input-output perspective.Relative factors, characters and statuses of water right management have been systematic researched. Types of the current water right management, methods and policies have been compared. Differences are analyzed between China and overseas countries at aspect of water right allocation management, such as optimization techniques application in water allocation, establishing policy of stakeholder rights and interests protection, choosing new methods of water resource allocation. Development directions of water pollution control have been discussed, such as gross control to water pollutants, financing resource of water pollution control, emissions trading, and technology applications in water-saving. The meaning, goal and elements of water allocation management have been defined; the problems of water allocation management in China have been promoted.Empirical research has been done to water resource supply, demand and sustainable use in various regions of China. Following basis principle of water resource status assessment, water resource supply and demand indicators systems are established based on analyzing different sources of water supply and main aspect of water resource demand. Applying factor analysis model, water resource supply ability have been divided into three main factors which include nature water supply ability, practical water supply ability and water-saving ability. Quantitative analysis to difference of water resource supply ability in various regions has been done, based on water resource supply ability of different regions in China has been classified according to main factor value, proportion comparison of water supply ability type in east, central, west and northeast China has been done. Adopting the same method as water resource supply ability analysis, classification and comparison of water resource demand have been done. The four main factors of water resource demand in areas are defined as water resource demand of development and environment, water resource unit consumption, wasted water resource in agriculture and water resource consumed level. Water resource sustainable utilization ability can be gained based on integrating water resource supply ability and demand ability, management basis is provided for water allocation via three aspect analysis hereinbefore.Radial basis function neural networks water allocation model which is improved by simulated annealing arithmetic has been established according to element analysis of basin water quantity allocation project. Comparison of typical water allocation projects is done from Yellow River, Yongding River, five rivers basin in Jiangxi province, Dong River, Daling River. Advantages of different allocation projects are summarized from various aspects which include ecological reserve water, adjustment water quantity in different years, different industries water consuming quantity, water quality control and groundwater consuming quantity etc. Water quantity allocation indicators system is established on the principle of fixing water demand by water supply in basin, controlling water quantify and water quality at the same time, regulating basin ecological water quantify in a unified way. Water quantity allocation indicators system reflects the demand of water consumption in living, economy development, water quality controlling, and ecological protection, which harmonizes economy development and environment protecting. Taking into account water quantify allocation characteristic in China, radial basis function neural network is established which based on simulated annealing arithmetic Optimization. Global optimization feature of simulated annealing is employed to adjust the network weights. The new arithmetic can keep the network from getting into local minimum. Learning speed of the network is more quickly than the other neural network methods, and unification has been achieved in regional economy development and basin water allocation.The elements of tradable water right are analyzed based on current practices in Dongyang and Yiwu, Zhangye, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia etc areas. Tradable water right system is compartmentalized into some subsystems, such as trading power, market transactions, trading effect, laws and regulations, government supervision. Evaluation of tradable water right has been analyzed from four aspects which include transaction rationality, transaction performance, government control ability and maturity of market mechanism.Indicators system to evaluate water pollution is established based on integrating water pollutants classify standard, water quality standard and pollutants emission standard. Advantages and shortcomings of different evaluating methods are compared; industry water pollutants weight is calculated by entropy weight method. Trend of industry water pollutants is definite based on weight changing in different periods. Input and output evaluation system reflects water pollution control efficiency is established. Water pollution control efficiency of different areas in China is gained by DEA model, and its trend is analyzed by the means of Malmqusit Indicators.Water resource allocation perfect strategies have been promoted about strengthening centralized management, accelerating water market development, controlling water pollution at last.