| With fresh air, clean water, high-density of air negative ions, high-concentration of phytoncidere, comfortable microclimate, little bacteria in the air, no noise pollution, suitable amount of radiation and all the other components of a nice forest ecosystem, forest tourism not only features the advantage of protecting resources and exploiting benefits simultaneously, but also have the advantages of positive interaction, strong influence and huge employment capacity. So forest tourism has great potential and broad prospects for development. With the development of social economy and the rising of people's living standard, it has become an important feature of modern lifestyle for people to participate in forest tourism activities and to go back to the nature and enjoy the nature. In recent years, as the foundation of it, the gradual development of Forest Scenic Spots also accelerated the step of forest tourism. However, in the investment practice, some Forest Scenic Spots went astray their initial aim of protecting their environment and seriously destroyed their eco-environment because of roughness and aimless in their forest tourism investment. So, how to reach the unification of the ecological, social and economic benefits of forest tourism investment is really a big problem we have to face and is also a difficult problem that hasn't been solved for a long time in the forest tourism investment area. Based on this fact, the following study takes Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory as its object, and takes Jiangxi province as a study case, seeking to solve the hot and difficult problem facing forest tourism investment.Through the intermediate level of macroscopic theory and microcosmic practice, the following study not only conducts a systematic research on the elements of forest tourism investment, the strategic analysis of the environmental and socio-economic impact of forest tourism investment projects, the strategic goal and focus, the strategic subject, the strategic options and management of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, but also strive to work out a viable strategic program based on the status quo of forest tourism investment in China. The whole research takes resource protection, namely the forest tourism ecological environment protection, as the main line, focuses on the main problem in the six elements of Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory, applies the way of combining theoretical research and empirical research, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, experience judgment and mathematical analysis, comparative analysis and case analysis, literature survey and field investigation, the traditional research method and modern technology together. After a typical survey, a questionnaire, a case study, some technical advice, some literature data collected at home and abroad, the collection of the existing policies and regulations and the analytical application of modern remote sensing technology, we conducted the following research on Forest Tourism Investment Strategic Theory and took Jiangxi as a study case to check the rationality of these theories:(1) Study on the strategic analysis of forest tourism investment. To enhance the adaptability and reliability of strategy-making and to discuss the basis of it, we summarized the research results in forest tourism at home and abroad and then put forward a brand-new view---forest tourism is a way of protecting our ecology. Meanwhile, we also studied domestic and foreign research results in investment construction and strategy management and analyzed the status quo of forest tourism investment in China, and then proposed a principle to define the forest tourism node functions based on the Ecology and Forest Tourism Theory. At the same time, we profoundly analyzed the impact forest tourism scenery construction projects have on the environment, the society and the economy, and then we constructed a strategic triangle model among the forest tourism stakeholders and worked out an assessment method to assess the environmental, social and economic impact that forest tourism projects have, so as to provide a basic platform for strategy-making.(2) Study on the strategic goal of forest tourism investment. The strategic goal is to provide a development vision for forest tourism investment. This study proposed a guiding ideology, basic principles and development goals for forest tourism investment strategy.(3) Study on the strategic focus of forest tourism investment. Strategic focus refers to those weak projects and departments related to the achievement of the strategic objectives. Followed the essential requirements of forest tourism, this study initiated four key investment areas, namely, the investment in forest tourism environment, forest tourism industry, forest tourism civilization and forest tourism politics, thereby the macroeconomic objectives of forest tourism investment can be gradually achieved.(4) Study on the strategic subject of forest tourism investment. Subject issue is the core issue in the reform of China's investment system. Following the direction of China's investment system reform, this study put forward the following strategic subjects of forest tourism investment suitable to the Chinese national situation:under the guidance of the government, take the social investment as the main investment channel and the government should only engage in some community projects investment such as the infrastructure investment projects. This study also pointed out the positive interaction, negative interaction and competition among these investors, and the necessity of fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of these investors in the process of making forest tourism investment strategy in order to achieve the positive interaction and fair competition among these investors.(5) Study on the strategic choice and strategic theory of forest tourism investment. The process of making strategy is the process of choosing an appropriate strategy, and the strategic choice is a process of constantly optimizing the investment projects. According to the spatial order of forest tourism investment, this study established a Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment from a regional point of view and from the principles of Ecology, Forest Tourism and Industrial Economics. By establishing a set of indicator system which includes six first-level indicators and nine secondary indicators and building an assessment model, this theory singled out many forest tourism investment regions by using the analytic hierarchy process. All these were done in two dimensions and three steps. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, those regions that can meet the requirements are called key forest tourism investment regions and can be supported and cultivated by the government. Secondly, starting from the project point of view and using the Ecological Economics theory, this study also initiated a method of establishing a forest tourism key investment projects reserve depot and developed an assessment system to evaluate those key investment projects. Through the method of principal components analysis, the study created an index system of nine first-level indicators and 34 secondary indicators and established a reserve depot assessment model, the result that based on the model can be taken as an important indicator to choose the key project so that the quality of pre-investment projects can be improved. Thirdly, considering from the perspective of products and using the principles of Eco-tourism Planning, this study created a Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory based on the general layout of forest tourism planning. According to the intrinsic nature and external demand of forest tourism products and by establishing a quantitative-factor indicator system with four factor-layers and ten secondary-factor-layers in forest tourism product planning, this theory analyzed the importance of each factor by using factor-assessment method and finally established a quantitative forest tourism products planning model according to the comprehensive assessment score. And we can judge and choose the suitable forest tourism products and then determine the development order of these products.(6) Study on the strategic management theory of forest tourism investment. To effectively implement the strategic policy, this study put forward a series of operational and scientific management strategies in accordance with the current situation and the existing problems of forest tourism investment and with the various requirements investment projects need under different stages of construction as well as the characteristics of forest tourism. These management strategies include:first of all, the four highly-targeted management measures to improve the operation of investment projects, namely, setting up a preliminary work fund for forest tourism projects, regulating forest tourism projects work procedures, establishing the leading role of government in forest tourism investment and forming an active and effective mechanisms for community participation. Secondly, this study established a set of forest tourism resources development and construction performance assessment indicator system and built a performance assessment model, which serves as the assessment basis to assess the forest tourism investment performance of the related departments. And this provides a theoretical basis for the transition from qualitative management to quantitative management.(7) An empirical study on the forest tourism investment strategy in Jiangxi Province. In the case of Jiangxi, a comprehensive analysis of the geographic environment, human environment and forest tourism resources is launched, the status quo and development prospects of forest tourism investment are probed in depth and a strategic framework for forest tourism investment is built. Based on the Key Investment Region Choice Theory of forest tourism investment, we delimit the order and scope of 11 key investment regions in Jiangxi; based on the Forest Tourism Key Investment Projects Choice Theory, we made a key investment projects choice, using the five research projects, such as the forest health center in Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, as the research object; based on the Forest Tourism Product Planning Choice Theory, we singled out some tourism products, using the Xiufeng scenic spot forest nursing homes in Shannan national park of Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi and other 12 tourism products as the research object, and sketched the blueprint for the forest tourism investment in Jiangxi accordingly.The above results and conclusions of this study offered a new perspective for forest tourism investment research and enriched the content of research on Forest Tourism, so it has important theoretical significance. Meanwhile, the results of this study will provide a scientific basis for the protection of ecological resources in forest tourism scenic spots and for the decision of forest tourism investment management, so it is of great realistic significance in guiding the management of forest tourism scenic spots investment and the protection of ecological resources. |
