Research On Ecological Impacts Of This New Round Of Collective Forest Tenure Reform In Tonggu County Of Jiangxi Province

In order to fully mobilize the forestry manufacturing enthusiasm of farmers and liberate the collective forest land productive force, China had launched a new round of collective forest tenure reform since2003, which carried on the core principle centering on ecology was protected simultaneously farmers benefited from reform, the achievements of the reform gets a high profile from farmers and community. The reform mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers’forestry investment, but it is uncertain that if collective forest can make full advantages of the ecological system or not under farmers characteristics of profit-orientation. So this paper studies on the ecological impact of reform from different aspects, the author hope it can be used for reference in deepening reform and related research.First, basing on literature researches and related theory, this paper set up a theoretical framework of ecological effect of the reform, in which forest management subject and forest resource was the association mechanism, it also provided theoretical basis of following quantitative research. Second, basing on present situation of forest resources, the paper reviewed eco-environment condition of Tonggu County after reform. Then it analyzed the change characteristics of forest resources. Third, this paper studied on the effect of reform mode to resource structure by using DID model. Results showed Single household operations were more willing to create pure forest compared with joint household operations because of economic incentives. Forth, this paper studied on the ecological effect of the reform based on farmers’ activities of forest management about creating pure forest, based on descriptive statistics it found forest structure turned to pure forest, through analysis of influencing factors found householder basic feature, family demographics, resource characteristics and participation in the reform were all important factors affecting farmers decision of creating pure forest. Fifth, this paper investigated the impacts the reform had on eco-environment based on peasant household’s evaluations around the reform. This paper made the investigation about six ecological problems, including water quality, soil erosion, beast diversity, bird diversity, plant diversity and forest pest and disease incidence, then it analyzed the affecting factors of farmers’ evaluation. It find peasant household generally believe that water quality is worsen and soil erosion is deteriorated while biodiversity as well as pest and disease incidence has been improved over the past. Through analysis of influencing factors it found householder basic feature, family demographics, resource characteristics, forest management characteristics and reform characteristics affected farmers’ evaluation of ecological problem.Based on the above findings, this paper made the following recommendations. First, set up performance evaluation system of Collective Forest Tenure Reform including ecological benefit. Second, pay great attention to eco-environment protection in rural area. Third, set up forest resources and eco-environment monitoring system. Forth, set up information management system for forest management subject. Fifth, accomplish the mechanism of ecological compensation.