Research On The Human And Land Resources Usage In The Chinese Urbanization Process

With abundant land resources and human resources in our country, it is of realistic significance to effectively utilize, allocate and coordinate the land resources and human resources in the process of urbanization. By analyzing the changes of quantitive structure, spatial structure and economic, social and ecological attribution of land utilization, resulted from urbanization, this article analyzes the factors influencing land utilization in the process of urbanization. To deal with the extensive usage of land, extensive expansion and the low effectiveness of land usage, it's necessary to improve the leading role of government in the management of urban land, bring the role of market into full play in allocating land, cultivate a good environment for urban land market, improve the property-right system for urban land and build a model to monitor the total amount of urban land utilization. Currently, due to the imperfect system of human resources market, insufficient investment in human resources and low rate of return in human capital investment, our country witnesses a slower urbanization of human resources than that of land resources. It's necessary to keep reforming and improving in the process of urbanization, promote employment by urbanization and effectively improve human resources capital.The article proposes that urbanization should target at the coordinated development of human resources and land resources as well as the sustainable development of land resources. Currently, the transfer of population is inconsistent with that of land between urban and rural areas and the dual occupation of land in both urban and rural areas is increasing. We need to keep improving the land system, deepen the reform of rural land utilization system and management system, improve the social security system in urban areas for transferred population, and thus confer the dual population with free choice. The government can collect VAT of land to invest in the social welfare in urban areas. Meanwhile, it's important to predict the potential of land production and the bearing capacity of population according to the needs of society and the rule of natural resources'utilization, and thus to explore a balanced relationship between population, land and grain. The allometry rule is adopted to conduct research on the relationship between urban population and urban land. The general characteristics and different scale of urban population and urban land have been analyzed in cities at and above municipality level and those in middle and west regions. To deal with the problem of marginization of peasants whose land has been taken over in the process of urbanization, it's necessary to further improve the system and mechanism, establish better system of land requisition, accelerate the urban development, strengthen the education and training of peasants concerning, improve social protection mechanism and speed up the reform of household register system.In conclusion, the article cites the example of Hebei Province, where the urbanization is developing relatively slowly, the contradiction between human resources and land resources is more severe, the speed of land utilization is more rapid than that of urbanization development, and the enhancing of urbanization level is inconsistent with the extent of the intensive utilization of land. It proposes that emphasis should be put on the fundamental change of the mode of land utilization. The management of land resources should play a driving role to build Hebei Province into a province with impressive economic strength and promote the process of urbanization.