Study On Government Economic Behaviors Under The Vision Of Justice And Efficiency

Every government throughout the world has begun to innovate in succession since 1970s. In social economic lives, more and more people realized the significance of government, whose economic behaviors and functions hence gradually focused people's attention. Before opening-up and reform policy, the fundamental characteristic of Chinese government is to administrate everything. New China carried out highly concentrated system of planned economy after its establishment, the government had the absolutely power of control of most resources'disposition, use and distribution in the society. As a matter of fact, market and social power didn't exist, let alone function. Since the recent 30 years after reform and opening up, gigantic changes have taken place recognizably in China, which creates a miracle in the history of human economic development. However, in the meantime of rapid advance with GDP's catching up and surpassing strategy, some transformation phenomena that went against social harmony existed in Chinese social economic field, for example, industrial abnormal structure, lame troika, uprising of housing and commodities prices, deformity of social security system, serious pollution from high-carbon economics, great waste of social resources, wide gap among social income distributions, besides, many laborers can not have a share in the positive results of social economic development and so on. All these problems can be drawn into one point that deviation existed in the purpose of economical development (value orientation of government economical behaviors), which led to transformation of government behaviors. It ignored improving people's livelihood and increasing their welfare. The development of human has an urgent demand in changing the increasing tendency focused on GDP, enforcing the economic transition with the gist of justice and sustainable development and forming the Chinese-style development. Therefore, from the point of view of Chinese special national conditions and economic circumstance, that objectively understanding Chinese government operation actuality in economic behaviors, analyzing its current economic behaviors with economic methods, and assessing government economic behaviors under the value of justice and efficiency, are inevitable requirement of Chinese major reforming tendency, and also a significant problem related to the development of Chinese economic society.This article studies theoretically and realistically Chinese government economic behaviors in the perspective of relationship between justice and efficiency. The study follows in this way, staring from government economic behaviors, then its historical transformation in China, trying to understand the origin and logic, operational validity and value orientation of Chinese government economic behaviors based on justice, efficiency and the theories of government behaviors under the vision of justice and efficiency. This article also uses the criterion of justice and efficiency to measure the operation of government economic behaviors, then especially analyzes its transformation behaviors and system causes and puts forward the rectifying ways. The whole article is divided into the following sections:I. Introduction. This section mainly introduces the background and significance of this topic, domestic and foreign current study situation, thought and outline of study, methods and creations.II. Justice, efficiency and government economic behaviors. This section respectively investigates and illustrates justice and efficiency. First it makes clear of the relative definitions, and then illustrates respectively theories of government economic behaviors, justice and efficiency from the perspectives of western scholars and classic Marxism writers, which supports this article theoretically.Ⅲ. The historical transformation of government economic behaviors. According to the changing of relationships between government and marketing in different periods, this section mainly clears up the transformations of Chinese government economic behaviors in conditions of planned economy, period of switching to the market economy, and socialist market economy, it also analyzes backgrounds, characteristics and results of government economic behaviors in different periods, so as to reflect dynamic alternative tendency between justice and efficiency.Ⅳ. Objective understanding of government economic behaviors. In this section, the author investigates Chinese government economic behaviors under the thought of beginning—operation—result, and forms an objective understanding. First, it studies the existence premise from the perspective of economics, and the legalistic foundation from the perspective of politics, and then it draws a conclusion that value orientation of Chinese government economic behaviors is inevitably the unity of justice and efficiency or the best optional combination of them. If it's guided in the above value orientation, the operation of government economic behaviors will definitely behave in the principles of function within limits, power within legality, increasing efficiency and social justice. Finally, this section further illustrates objectively the variation phenomena of government economic behaviors which exist in Chinese economic operation in the aspects of low efficiency of organizations, governmental rights infringing on private rights, local government reverse controlling, unbalance between economics and social development and so on.V. Regulation reasons for the variation of government economic behaviors. It's not the purpose that we realize the bias between justice and efficiency targets, but the reasons it comes into being, so that we can solve the problems at the bottom. This section studies the variation causes of government economic behaviors in the perspective of regulations. It indicates totally five causes that are dual-role contradiction of government behavior subject, conflict of dual interest of government behavior subject, the existence of concentration of political powers and separation of economic powers, imperfect of governance mechanism inside government and reduction of outside restrain mechanism.VI. Compare government economic behaviors among different countries. It is a mutual difficulty for each country in the world that how to deal with the relationship between justice and efficiency during the period of economic development. Different countries are influenced by different cultural backgrounds, value principles, economic surroundings and regulation systems, and their government economic behaviors have different choices and alternative in justice and efficiency. That analyzing and comparing different countries'government economic behaviors, helps us to draw lessons and solve problems. The author chose three developed countries like America, Japan and Germany, and two developing countries like Brazil and India as investigation samples, analyzed the specific conditions, ways of development and existing problems in their combination of justice and efficiency, learnt from their benefits for balance of Chinese economic and social development.Ⅶ. Ways of regulations to rectify government economic behaviors. It is not the purpose that we can understand government behaviors'variation and find out its regulation causes, but rectify from deviation and correct the purpose of economic development into the right way—increasing people's livelihood and welfare. On deep regulation causes of government economic behaviors'variation, this section provides methods to solve the problems in three aspects—alter the functions of government and realize its reasonable orientation, normalize government behaviors and accelerate government structural reform, and introduce external regulation competition and propel internal regulation innovation and so on.