Research On Migration Behavior Of Chinese Peasants With Background Of Urbanization

The migration of peasant-workers has made significant contributions to the industrialization and urbanization of our country. Now, China has stepped in a new development and transition period and urbanization has become the approach and the goal of our development, peasant-workers' problem become the important topic for study and solution.The interaction between the institutions and behaviors is always on the core of development research, the mainstream analysis is for given preference, and treat institutions as the external incentives for party's action in the form of transaction cost influencing agents'choices, the idealized behavior assumptions and relatively simplified analysis paradigm often failed to explain many important phenomenon and to give appropriate policies. Behavioral economics, new institutional economics and experimental economics have found that institutions not only solve externality, but also intrinsically influence individual values, beliefs, preferences and even characters. The individual behavior often rooted in specific institutions and social constraints, the individual preferences and expectation modes are products of the specific social constraint conditions.This paper aims to study the mechanism by which specific social institutions influences on individual preferences under the background of China's urbanization development, and to construct an analytical framework of the peasants'flow behaviors that consistent with the real society and system features. We have analyzed the peasants' flow behaviors and the market effects on perspective of endogenous preference. These will provide micro-basis for research and policies about peasant-workers'problem.This paper analyzes the traditional theory concerning the controversy of farmers' rationality, and points out that the traditional theory is difficult to give inherent coherence explanations for some realistic problems. The agents'behavior assumptions that is abundant of reality has important value and significance for development studies.China not only economically is dualistic structure, but also dual social structure for the Household Register System. Under this institutional arrangement and social development mode, the migration of farmers is more than a process of obtaining comparative economic interests, essentially, the flow embodied social goals and properties. The economic and social double dual structure leads to transformation of China's farmers' flow behavior. That's why market results are different from the prediction of traditional theories. Based on the social and economic development and institutional transition process of the flow of Chinese farmers, this paper used some research results of behavioral economics and new institutional economics to have a further exploration on some typical facts, such as the peasant worker rush, the peasant worker shortage, labor market discrimination and so on, based on individual preference. Based on reference-dependent preference, this paper construct a utility function of migration farmers, and analyzes the mechanism by which the institutions influence the farmers'behavioral goals through the cognitive process. The fundamental reason for the transformation, from peasant worker rush to peasant laborer shortage, is the preference change based on the individual social cognitive process which is internally impacted by the social and institutional conditions.This article studies the mechanism by which discrimination influence migrant workers'labor supply using the cognitive dissonance theory. The research shows that under the same market conditions, peasant workers show different preferences according to different attribution processes, leading to different labor supply behavior, and then the research puts forward a conclusion that individual differentiation among migrant workers puts forward new challenges to the development of labor market.The urbanization is the fundamental choice for China future development, if we want to solve the institutional barriers in the urbanization process fundamentally, we should take migrant workers as development subject, then make them join into the urbanization process economically and socially. The important premise of effectiveness of development policy is know how to predict the agents'reaction to the incentive changes, analysis based on realistic behavior is helpful for development policies.