Research On Government Regulation Of Forest Resources Industry

Forest resources industry is the collective name of man-cultivated forestry, logging, farming, breeding and tourism relying on forest resources system. All of the industries have the character of public interest, or the externality. In order to make the forest industry developed sustainably and to provide the good ecological environment and economic products for our society at the same time of forest resources exploitment, government has the unshirkable responsibility to maximize the public interest and sociality of forest resources industry. Currently, some measures and regulations of the government can not be adapted to the needs of the market economy according to the requirements of the different economic products. There are some problems in the role of government, including that the differentiation is not apparent, the incentive is insufficient and the restriction is overpowered etc. Meanwhile, as for the forestry, the research on the government behavior remains at the macroscopic level, or to put the macro-regulation and micro-regulation together; the research on the government regulations are rare and unsystematic. Consequently, in this paper, the government regulations of the forest resources industry are discussed theoretically and practically, to find out the boundary, mode and measures of government regulations which are adapted to the need of development of the socialist market economy.Based on the government regulation theory, industry economics theory, resource economics theory, forestry classification management theory and the transaction cost theory, the paper analyzes the current characteristics and the inefficiency of the government behavior during the development of the forest resources industry, including follow the practices in planned economy which are not adapted to the development of market economy; macro-economic control and industry regulations are not distinguished, and systematic and formalized regulation behavior is insufficient, etc. All the factors restrict the sustainable development of forest resources industry. At the same time, the paper makes the game analysis dynamically on the organization, regulation and controlled behavior of the forest resources industry, including the longitudinal and transverse game analysis among the government regulation organizations; dynamic gaming process between government regulation organization and the regulated; dynamic gaming process among operators, consumers and government. The paper research the boundary of government regulation based on the characteristic of the products and the industry. The forest resources industry is divided into commonweal production and commodity production in this paper. The paper focuses and constructs the frame and thread for the differentiation of government regulation, then expounds the goal, subject, model and measures of the government regulation. The differentiation is embodied not only in commonweal production and commodity production, but also embodied in the different products of the homogeneous production, according to the characteristics of its production, the different regulation ways and measures should be taken. For the government regulation of commonweal production, stress should be put on the internal regulation first and appropriate competition should be introduced into the industry to ensure the production and supply. For the government regulation of commodity production, external regulation and internal regulation should be integrated, and we should put the external first and introduce perfect competition, then make the market play its full role to ensure the economic benefit while the ecological benefits are not reduced, thus ensuring that the whole social welfare level is not decreased. There is probably failure in the government regulation, thus, it is necessary to make cost-benefit analysis on government regulation. In the last chapter, the paper makes cost-benefit analysis on the government regulation of forest resources industry in theory. Then forest tourism industry of Heilongjiang Province is taken as example to make empirical analysis on the cost-benefit of government regulation in forest tourism industry.