Study On Thepolicy Agricultural Insurance System Of Heilongjiang Province

Agriculture is a weak industry. To develop policy agricultural insurance is realistically significant for improving the disaster resistance capability of agriculture, guaranteeing agriculture and food safety, stabilizing and increasing farmers'income, improving the agricultural supporting and protective system of our country, and developing the modern agriculture.Heilongjiang is a major agricultural production province and a key commodity grain base for China, and carries the important responsibility of guaranteeing the country's food safety. To develop policy agricultural insurance is one of the essential steps and will provide sufficient guarantee and support for increasing farmers'income, promoting the development of modern agriculture, constructing the modern agriculture demonstration areas on the two major plains, and implementing the project of realizing grain production capacity of 50 million tons.Based on the related theories introduced from home and abroad, the author researched the status quo and existing problems of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, investigated and analyzed the demands of policy agricultural insurance in Heilongjiang Province, established the performance evaluation system for policy agricultural insurance, conducted objective performance evaluation of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, found out the major problems limiting the development of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, designed a system for Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, proposed strategies for improving Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, and therefore, provided policy consultative reference for constructing complete policy agricultural insurance system in Heilongjiang, improving agricultural output value, developing modern agriculture, and increasing farmers'income.This paper elaborates the academic background, the theoretical and practical significance of this study, describes the definitions and theoretical basis related to policy agricultural insurance. The related concepts include: the meaning, classification, characteristics and functions of agricultural insurance; the meaning, nature, characteristics and functions of policy agricultural insurance. The theoretical basis includes: the agricultural protection theory, the theory of welfare economics, the theory of new institutional economics and the public goods theory. On the basis of elaborating basic theories, this paper reviews the development course of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, and finds out the historical foundation for establishing an appropriate policy agricultural insurance system in Heilongjiang Province. With the theory explanation and historical review, this paper analyzes the demands of policy agricultural insurance in Heilongjiang, and provides realistic basis for establishing policy agricultural insurance system in the province. For objectively evaluating the performance of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, this paper builds a performance evaluation system for policy agricultural insurance, based on which the performance of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance is scientifically evaluated. By the performance evaluation of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, this paper analyzes the factors limiting the development of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance. And the analysis is majorly conducted on the seven aspects that limit the development of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, such as insurers, governments, farmers, laws and regulations.This paper also compares the development models of domestic and foreign policy agricultural insurance systems. The foreign policy agricultural insurance models majorly include: the insurance system with government as the leading party applied in USA and Canada, the commercial insurance system with governmental financial support applied in France and Other Western European Countries, the mutual insurance corporations with governmental financial support applied in Japan, and the governmental support for key selection applied in the Philippines and other Asian developing countries. The domestic policy agricultural insurance models majorly include: the market-oriented operation model with government support applied in Shanghai by Anxin Agricultural Insurance Company, the jointly operated co-insurance model applied by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the financing the insurance by operating the insurance model in Jilin by Anhua Agricultural Insurance Company, the co-insurance model applied in Zhejiang Province, and the pilot program of introducing wholly foreign-owned non-life insurer, Groupama establishing branches in Sichuan Province.Based on the specific conditions of Heilongjiang Province and the characteristics of domestic and foreign development models, this paper designs the policy agricultural insurance system for Heilongjiang and proposes the detailed structure including objectives, principles, specific models, organizational system, financial subsidy system, financial payment system, risk diversification and transfer System, and supervisory system. For solving the existing problems of Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance, this paper raises the strategy suggestions for improving Heilongjiang's policy agricultural insurance from seven aspects, such as establishing and improving the law system, establishing agricultural risk management organizations, strengthening the financial support, improving the preferential taxation policies, promoting the operation efficiency, regulating the game behavior of insurers and farmers, and strengthening the promotion and publicity.