Impact Of Urban And Rural Residents' Domestic Toursim Consumption On Economic Growth

Tourism consumption is a higher level consumption patterns, and which is also an important component of household consumption. In recent years, with the steady decline in propensity to consume and national consumption rate, domestic tourism of urban and rural residents with its strong growth momentum receives widespread concern and attention and is considered as Hot Consumption which can stimulate domestic consumption demand, alleviate inadequate consumption, and promote economic growth in recent China. It is also considered as the "new economic growth point" by some of the province. However, the impact of tourism consumption, especially, the domestic tourism consumption on economic growth has historically been controversied in theoretical circles. While some studies argue that tourism expansion is beneficial to the economic growth of the tourist-receiving country, some theoretical studies posit that tourism expansion can cause pauperization, other empirical studies indicate that the promotion roles of tourism consumption to economic growth have significant differences between differences countries or regions. Our domestic tourism starts later and there are rare studies on the quantitative and system effects of domestic tourism consumption on economic growth, especially in rural areas, while the existing studies are also differing views. Accurately measuring the position of domestic tourism consumption in the national economy and its impact on economic growth would help to promote its orderly development. The above condition of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents and controversy exists in theory studies brings us the following thought: Although tourism consumption belongs to the general consumption, it is different from the general consumption, how do we measure the impact of consumption on economic growth; in china, what kind of relationship exists between domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents and economic growth ,whether it can promote economic growth, if can, how much the capacity is, whether it can play the current important task of stimulating domestic consumption demand and promoting economic growth, as someone expect it to. Economics studies raise from the real-life economic issues, Therefore, investigating the theoretical framework for analyzing the impact of domestic tourism consumption on economic growth from theoretical point of view, and investigating the relationship between domestic tourism consumption and economic growth, understanding the impact of domestic tourism consumption on economic growth from empirical point view, is not only the focus of policy makers, but also the main problems to be solved by theory researchers.Based on the above background, this dissertation systematically analyses the impact of urban and rural residents'domestic tourism consumption on economic growth by using comparative analysis, statistical analysis, quantitative analysis and mathematical modeling methods, from both theoretical and empirical, In theoretical point, it tries to constructs theoretical framework for analyzing the impact of domestic tourism consumption on economic growth based on the mechanism of consumer-driven economic growth, combined with characteristics of tourism consumption, In empirical point, first, the dissertation systematically analyses the impact of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents on economic growth based on theoretical framework, from two aspects of the total tourism consumption and tourism consumption structure and three levels of national, regional and industry; and then, based on above conclusions, the dissertations puts Gansu province as an case, , analyses the deep-seated reasons of hindering the development of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents and therefore affecting the economic growth by questionnaires, then promote the corresponding countermeasures. The main researches and its conclusions of this dissertation are as follows:(1) Based on the mechanism of consumer-driven economic growth, combined with characteristics of tourism consumption, the dissertation try to constructs theoretical framework for analyzing the impact of domestic tourism consumption on economic growth. It can be proposed that: domestic tourism consumption affects economic growth from two aspects: tourism consumption and tourism consumption structure. Tourism consumption affects economic growth from three aspects: first, as part of final consumption, tourism consumption drives economic growth directly; second, the increase in the total tourism consumption demand will led to the growth of production of tourism consumer goods, this will induce tourism and other related industries increase investment, thereby stimulates economic growth; third, the increase in the total tourism consumption demand will induce new jobs and increase employment, this thereby promotes economic growth. Tourism consumption structure also affects economic growth from three aspects: first, the change of consumption structure affects total consumption, and then stimulates economic growth; second, the change in consumption structure induces change in industry structure, and then promotes rationalization of industrial structure, improves the efficiency of resource allocation, thereby promoting economic growth; third, the change in tourism consumption structure induces change in employment structure, which makes employee flow from low productivity industries or sectors to high productivity industries or sectors, gets positive employment effects, and then promotes economic growth.(2) Based on the discussion of the current residents'consumption and tourism expenditure in the economy, the dissertation carries on a more comprehensive statistical analysis on the characteristics of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents. It can be concluded that: domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents are experiencing dynamic development process of consumption scale from small to large, consumption level from low to high, travel rate continuously rising, consumption will continue to increase, consumption structure and level from reasonable to unreasonable. But there inevitably exist a number of questions, such as consumption rates are low, domestic tourism consumption is less than 3% of GDP, consumption; the upgrade of tourism consumption is obstructed, the increase in consumption are mainly the expansion of the number of tourists; consumption structure is not reasonable, the proportion of non-essential consumption is still relatively low; consumption level is not high, the main tourist are still concentrated on infrastructure level such as sightseeing; consumption appears the phenomena of class differentiation and fault, high-income groups tend to decrease their consumption, they do not want to spend money, while the low and medium-income group whose consumption wills are strong tend to increase their consumption, but they have no money spend . These existent problems, to a certain extent, may hinder the development of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents, making it difficult to play the role of economic growth effectively.(3) By using statistic analysis, cointegration, causality test, Panel Data model, the dissertation investigates the impact of domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents on economic growth from the national, regional and industry three levels. Concluded that: From the national level, urban and rural domestic tourism consumption can only explain 3.8% of economic growth, while rural residents can only explain 1.3% of it. the current relationship between domestic tourism consumption and economic growth mainly manifested that economic growth can influence domestic tourism consumption, but tourism consumption has little effect on economic growth; from regional level, in China's 30 provinces (cities), comparing domestic tourism consumption on economic growth factors, the largest is 0.23, the smallest is only 0.03, and regional differences are bigger, domestic tourism consumption do not have a significant effect on economic growth in most provinces; from industry level, there is a decreasing order of the contribution of the urban and rural residents'domestic tourism consumption to economic growth in related industries: tourism, accommodation and catering, transportation, warehousing and postal industries, finance and insurance, other services, real estate industry and the wholesale and retail trade, there is a greater impact on the relevant industry such as tourism, accommodation and catering and transportation, but little effect on other industries. Generally speaking, because of the lack of total domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents'consumption, it has limited rule in driving economic growth and the impact of domestic tourism consumption of rural residents on economic growth significant less than that of urban residents.(4) By using gray relational model, input-output model, panel data model etc, the dissertation investigates the impact of change in domestic tourism consumption structure of urban and rural residents on economic growth from the national, regional and industry three levels. Concluded that: the change in tourism consumption structure has a certain impact on economic growth, the larger the non-basic consumption, the higher the proportion, the faster the growth, causes the greater the influence of the change in tourism consumption structure on economic growth; from the national level, the per increase of 100 million Yuan of non-essential consumption of urban and rural residents will respectively increase GDP 0.0045 and 0.0085 million Yuan, which has little effect; from regional level, the impact coefficients of the non-essential tourism consumption of urban and rural residents in 30 provinces (cities) to economic growth are quite different, for urban residents are mostly under 0.02, rural residents are mostly below 0.01. The changes of non-essential tourism consumption do not have significant effects on economic growth in most areas; from the industry level, by the effects of changes in tourism consumption structure, the influence of urban and rural residents on domestic tourism consumption to transportation, accommodation and other basic consumer corresponding industry is becoming weak, and there is a certain increase in non-essential consumption industries, such as the wholesale and retail industry and other services, However, the above influences are more caused by consumption coefficient between industries, structural changes in tourism consumption itself is weak in the influence. Overall, due to the low proportion of non-essential consumption, the unreasonable consumption structure and the limited total consumption, changes in the micro individual consumption structure to the macroeconomic growth are minimal.(5) Total consumption and the consumption structure are complementary to each other, the expansion of total consumption is affected by the consumption structure, while the consumption structure changes on economic growth is also subjected to total consumption, as the present total consumption of urban and rural residents is limited and the consumption structure is not reasonable, which therefore difficult to promote economic growth. Based on this, this dissertation constructs the factor analysis model to Gansu Province, and analyzes questionnaires and the deep reasons of hindering the domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents. It is concluded that income, price of tourism products, leisure time, travel experiences, community support, travel conditions, willingness and motivation of tourism, travel services, travel destination are the factors that affect domestic tourism consumption of urban and rural residents. Among which, income and leisure time are the main factors ,income is the dominant factor affecting rural residents'domestic tourism consumption, and its impact on rural residents is significantly more than urban residents.(6) According to above conclusions, combined with domestic tourism consumption characteristics of urban and rural residents, this dissertation discusses the issues of increasing income effectively to expand tourism consumption capacity; deepening the holiday reform to provide an effective system protection for growth in tourism consumption; improving tourism consumption structure to guide the growth of tourism consumption; improving the tourism consumption environment to enhance consumer confidence, and proposes solution for promoting domestic tourism consumption and stimulate economic growth.