| Pork,which accounted for 60% in urban and rural residents'total meat consumption,is a main origin of meat,protein and the principal variety of food. It plays a key role in people's health and the food security to our country. In recent years,the large scale fluctuation of the meats price,such as the pork price,affects the resident daily life stability,the animal husbandry healthy development,And it has the adverse effect to the entire national macroeconomic safe operation.Along with the social division of labor's deepening, the pig-breeding industry,as provides the meat produce, and the related industry's correlational dependence is day by day close, which is the crop production, animal husbandry, processing industry, transportation, retail sales and so on.The development of the pig-breeding industry is day by day rapid,on the one hand its displays that the material and the energy outside the pig-breeding industry enters the live pig and the pork production system, thus breaks the department of its own closed cycle, and realizes highly effective growth; On the other hand, but also displays that more and more pork products need to undergo the processing in order to enter the resident expense domain,namely pork longitudinal industry chain's extension.In the pork industry chain link, each dispersion, independent individual forms certain function and structure system,namely pork longitudinal industry chain, through the vertical function division of labor(crop production-> feed industry-> poultry production-> processing-> wholesale-> retail sales), the longitudinal industrial chain member's connection and the cooperation, satisfy the society demand for the pork product together.The relates gradually closely of the pork longitudinal industry not only sharpened the pork productivity, but also the fluctuation in the longitudinal chain link industry also inevitably causes the unstable development of the entire pig-breeding industry.Along with the improvement of live pig production and the pork expense,and the relationship closely between the pig-breeding industry and other industries, it while shares the facilitates in industrial chain, also inevitably accepts the challenge of other industrial fluctuation.The market economy has provided the good development opportunity to the pig-breeding industry, but at the same time, the market risk is also an unnegligible aspect.In the process of the pig-breeding industry's price fluctuations, the media, the scholar and the consumer note that the rise scope of pork retail price is higher than the live pig purchase price,which exceedingly the breeding farm (or household) feel;But on the other hand, when each kind of price of the pig-breeding industry starts to recede largely, the price falling scope of the newborn pig and the live pig is bigger than the pork retail price,it causes the planter's enthusiasm serious attack.It can be said that the condition of the pork industry has the representation in the Chinese majority meats price fluctuations.This article first confirms whether to have the asymmetrical transmission between the live pig purchase price and the pork retail price,using the price transmission cooperates error correction model(PTC-ECM).The layout shift of the live pig cultivation causes the main production area of the live pig and the area of the pork host disappears to have had the separation.The relative price variance method of the pig-breeding industry between neighboring provinces and cities is utilized to analyze the market conformity situation of the pig-breeding industry,in oder to remove the space slow growth of the market to cause the price asymmetry transmission in the pork longitudinal industry chain. Subsequently taked the longitudinal industrial chain price structure, the transmission mechanism and the intermediate level theory as the rationale, the article has discussed the middle man in the pork longitudinal industry chain to the pork price structure and the transmission function and the influence mechanism. and has cleaned up the existence of various main bodies in the longitudinal industrial chain to the price transmission and welfare's influence. This article aims to stable meats price by the reasonable effective macroscopic policy, and to guarantee that the steady development of the economics has the important theory and the practical significance.Regarding the above analysis frame, this article uses the method which unifies the standard research and the empirical study, the main research content is as follows:The first chapter introduction,elaborate this article's research background, the question proposed that in turn, the research aim and the research hypothesis, the data originate, the research technique, the research innovation and the deficiency.The second chapter concept limits and literature summary. Limits related concepts in this article and carries on to summarizes and combs the domestic and foreign related research literatures.The third chapter rationale and analysis frame. After carries on the summary to the correlation theories,it proposed theoretical analysis frame, mainly includes:construction the price transmission cooperates the entire error correction model (PTC-ECM) based on the price theory, construction the pig-breeding industry market conformity model between neighboring provinces and cities, discussion the reason to the price asymmetry transmission from the longitudinal industrial chain angle of view; Under division of labor gradually deepening condition, middle man to price transmission influence, function machine-made and economical achievements in pork longitudinal industry chain.The fourth chapter, the pork longitudinal connection market price transmission in our country. This chapter analyzes the development present situation of the pig-breeding industry firstly, mainly pays attention to the price transmission situation between the live pig breeding farm (household) and pork retail sales,its key question is that the impact of the pork retail price to the live pig purchase price whether is symmetrical, or just like the planter feels such that the fluctuation of the pork retail price to the live pig purchase price is asymmetrical. The fifth chapter,the market conformity of pig-breeding industry in China. Follows the live pig main production area and the pork host expense area separation, The wide range transportation of the live pig cross region becomes the reality.China vast in territory,the Marketability level,traffic equipment exist differently.Whether does the price transmit effectively in difference giant interzone, it not only decides that the market mechanism guides the live pig industry product to be mobile according to the price rule highly, moreover the price transmit smoothly in the longitudinal industrial chain. This needs to inquire into the market conformity of the pig-breeding industry.The market conformity measures the distribution efficiency of the pig-breeding industry,the higher the conformity degree is,the more effective the market is.It can display that the market mechanism adjusts the supply and demand of the pork and stabilize the live pig production effectively(Robert,2000).This chapter utilizes the relative price method, selects from the production to the expense corn, nurtures the fat pig mixed feed, the newborn pig, to treat butchers the live pig, the pork five kind of commodity price to compose the pig-breeding industry price system together,it has analyzed the market conformity situation of the pig-breeding industry.The sixth chapter,the structural property and the price structure mechanism of the pork longitudinal industry chain. Following the division of labor the gradual deepening, the relationship among the various main bodies in the longitudinal industry is gradual close, it has the noticeable function for the price transmition and formation.This chapter union the various main bodies' structural property and the pig-breeding industry industrial characteristic of the upstream and downstream from the industrial chain angle of view in the pork longitudinal industry chain. It analyzes the formation mechanism of each link product price and the output in the longitudinal industrial chain, as well as the exterior impaction realizes the effective transmission in the longitudinal industrial chain.Taked the live pig sale of the breeding farm (or household) as an example, the artcile utilizes the peasant household model to analyze the market influence and the transaction cost to affect the live pig selling price to the different scale breeding farm (either household), it inquired into the live pig price difference by way of the breeding farm (or household) and the peddler to the slaughtering processing industry.And consider that the market influence, the transaction cost analyze the price transmition in the upstream and downstream in the longitudinal industrial chain.The seventh chapter middle man to the price transmission and welfare's influence in the meats industry chain. Along with the division of labor gradual deepening, the middle man between the joint live pig producer and the pork consumer's marketability main body, increases gradually,in the pork longitudinal industry chain. The growth of middle man not only causes more transaction behaviors between the economic subject, simultaneously the transaction cost also actually increases along with it, the excessively high transaction cost will cause the social resource to have the nonessential consumption (Gary,1993).Therefore,have the middle man increase the transaction cost,or promote to the economical achievements in the pork longitudinal industry chain? This chapter takes the middle man-peddler as an example,it inquired into its influence to the price transmission and welfare in the pork longitudinal industry chain, from the real diagnosis angle, provides some beneficial references for further understanding and management the middle man in the pork longitudinal industry chain.The eighth chapter conclusion and policy suggestion. It puts forward the related policy proposal of this article on the summary of the full text.Regarding the above research content, the main conclusion which this research obtains is as follows:First, it exists the long-term balanced relations between the pork retail price and the live pig purchase price, and the long-term price transmission is quite complete in the pork longitudinal connection industry chain;In the short-term the price transmission presents the asymmetrical characteristics in the pork longitudinal connection industry; The pork retail price is obviously different to the extent of reaction when the live pig purchase price rise, with the extent of reaction which it falls,indicated that the slaughtering processing of the live pig and the department sales of the wholesales and the retail have the strong market control. In addition, the live pig cultivation scale is bigger, the production is more centralized, the pork retail price was faster to the outside impact's governed speed, it has promulgated that the scale breeding farm may obtain the economies of scale in the production processing and the collection of information, and could obtain the advantageous market price in the market transaction. In recent years, the pork market price presented the large scale fluctuation in our country.The market negotiation ability in the live pig slaughtering and the pork processing, circulation department is also the noticeable important aspect,besides the live pig cultivation department.Second, the transaction cost of the essential factor and commodity in the pig-breeding industry has dropped unceasingly,and its circulation efficiency enhances gradually, since being WTO entry, the market conformity degree of the pig-breeding industry enhances gradually in the adjustment; the market conformity degree of the pig-breeding industry is also improving in the East, the middle, and the western in our country, but the market conformity degree mutually exist different in three interzone. Located at the live pig main production area in the Chongqing-Sichuan, the Hebei-Shandong, the Hebei-Liaoning and the eastern part between the developed area in the Beijing and Tianjin Hebei provinces and cities,the relative price variance margin of fluctuation is situated at the national front row in the pig-breeding industry,indicated that the market price of the pig-breeding industry is mutually different, the market conformity degree of the pig-breeding industry is low, which is worth of inquiring into its immanent cause. This article has provided the beginning for researching the meat market conformity advancement's determining factor. The relative price variance of the neighboring provinces and cities regards as the dynamic target of the market conformity,which explained that the difference of the market conformity has provided the advantageous method for from the geography, the market monopoly and economic policy's angle in the pig-breeding industry.Third, the market influence's differences of the various main bodies in the pork longitudinal industry chain,such as the purchase, slaughtering processing, wholesale retail sales link, is the primary cause of the price asymmetry transmission, When outside impact, the main body, which have the strong market influence,can prevent to its disadvantageous price transmission, speeds up to its advantageous transmission, thus it causes that the price displays the asymmetry transmission in the pork longitudinal connection market.Through using the descriptive statistics and the peasant household model, it confirmed that the market influence and the transaction cost are the important attribute for the live pig selling price difference. The difference of the information cost before the transaction, the transaction negotiations cost as well as the transaction carriying out the cost and so on are the primary cause for the live pig selling price difference.Fourth, from the live pig peddler's pricing mechanism and its influence to the social welfare and the achievements of the purchasing the market,it can realize that the live pig peddler's income is an interception part of the breeding farm'(or household's).In the live pig purchasing market,the peddler's appearance caused on to be further uneven among the pork industry chain's various main bodies'assignment. The breeding farm (or household) is at the low profit level and the high condition of which exploits; from the transaction cost's angle that peddler's appearance increased the division of labor level freely, also increased the transaction cost, but the real diagnosis material indicated that the peddler more reduced the direct exchange cost between the slaughtering Processing industry and the breeding farm (or household), enhanced the transaction efficiency of the live pig purchasing market,namely the peddler saved the transaction cost for the special coverage, which was bigger than the transaction cost,which was extended as a whole the division of labor level. Therefore the existence of the middle man is positive to the achievements' improvement of the pork longitudinal industry chain.According to the above research results, this article proposed the price stabilization mechanism of the meat product from the longitudinal connection industry angle of view.The market main bodies,such as, the live pig slaughtering, pork processing and circuit and so on,should also become the policy attention key of stablizing the live pig and the pork price from now on; It should specify the market behaviors of the strong market main body, improve the profit condition of the cultivation main body gradually; expand the scale of the live pig cultivation, develop the specialized cooperative organization of the live pig,Advance the integration operation of business of coverring the entire pork longitudinal industry chain, realize the formalization and the intensification of raising pigs industrial, establish the price market information early warning system of the live pig production and the pork,and so on.
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