Economic Analysis On Farmer Migration To Cities

Farmer migration to cities is the inevitable aspect of countries modernization developing in the world. Along with Chinese industrialization step's quickening, per capita GDP in 2003 exceeds 1000 U.S dollars mark, and in 2008 breaks through 3000 U.S dollars. China's 28 provinces (autonomous region) in 2008 already have entered the threshold of per capita GDP 10000 Yuan. China's modernization quietly has become a reality. Correspondingly, since the 1990s China's major cities in the development of small cities and towns sprung up such as the earth buildings in rural China. Traditional Chinese farmers change the traditional way of life. Some people migrate to each kind of urban; more farmers are relocated to the small town inhabited. From a number of economists and sociologists in conclusion of the study show that the next 20-40 years (years 2030-2050) the Chinese biggest change is the production life style change which basically the urbanization brings, all economical, social behavior's analysis will establish above this big social background. The study is precisely this part of the problem.There is more than one point of view about farmer migration to urban research. There is research in the field of economics and sociology overseas, but the overall results are derived from the economic point of view. China's peasant migration to urban has been the agricultural economics research hot spots, which subordinates to "Three Rural Issues" study. Since the late-1990s, the study about this problem has three tendencies:First, favors in the resident research, combine the farmer's migration into the resident integration, that is not only a geographical change of residence also includes the residence, as well as lifestyle changed; Second, counts the quantification tendency, analyze the abstract peasant's migration through the concrete figure combining research tools, models and other means of analysis. Third, the peasant laborer, the object of study further reduces to the peasant laborer who already entered a city, studies their migration habits in order to ingrate them into the city. This research belongs to the second category obviously.The paper is divided into three levels:the first part (Chapterâ… ),bringing forward questions, reviewing previous research, defining theory and designing methods; the second part (Chapterâ…¡,â…¢,â…£,â…¤,â…¥) in the status quo of theory with a comprehensive grasp of China's peasant migration to cities the inevitability of the policy. The will of the peasant question is been studied in Chapterâ…¢and the reason of moving to cities is studied in Chapterâ…£, and in Chapter V the farmer moving to the cities shift's economical agent is studied by the measurement method and in Chapterâ…¥the questions on the evolution of the game between farmer and government has been studied by game theory. The third part (Chapterâ…¦) summarizes the main conclusions of this study and puts forward a concise policy recommendation on the basis of our country's shift system reform action.The paper analyses the experience of developed countries which has been completed urbanization and according to their patterns of urbanization in general as well as comparative analysis of the pros and cons of starting, based on that the conclusion that our country peasant migration to urban areas is necessary is summarized and induced. Because of natural and social characteristics of East Asia which has many people and little land, our country must take the intensive labor-intensive agriculture as well as the importance function in a small town urbanization hair town road. Through the agricultural and urban resources' comparison, China's rural and urban population needed as well as possible to accommodate the population is been studied. The main research comes to:1,Farmers shift to cities and towns as a whole wishes is not high, but some groups (young students, etc.) have higher than the transfer of the will. From the destination point of view, some farmers are more willing to move to away from the homeland which is not distant town.2,Farmers willingness to transfer to urban areas directly is been decided by a series of economic incentives and non-economic motives which include private costs, public costs and private benefits, public income and other economic incentives, systems, expectations,possibility, competition and risk, etc, but mostly will transform finally as the economical stratification plane.3,From the empirical economic, impact factor in the cost and revenue is positively related to urban scale, and cost-benefit rate is negatively correlated with urban scale. In other words, based on that farmers can move to different cities, if income decision-making is been selected, farmers should migrate the largest possible scale of the city, but if cost and the rate of cost-benefit is been selected, farmers should migrate small possible scale of the city. At the public cost of composition, housing cost is small but huge and increases with the size of the cities. The formation of the opportunity cost of migration including countryside land income given up is another migration decision-making cost item.4,The questions of static game Nash equilibrium about the farmers and the Government ask that the farmers will passively accept the Government's request for the price, otherwise people would not move to cities. In evolutionary game conditions, repeated and dynamic games will eventually lead to the city government reducing pay for the price. As another word, land rights will be in the public process of compensation (direct or indirect financial compensation for the compensation of members of the public welfare). The housing indirect payment the land feeing from sales will drop until cancel, but the scarcity of urban resources determines the members of the public will be long-term existence of the threshold.