U.s. Non-proliferation Export Control Policy Analysis,

Export control means a national checkup and control action to an exportapplication put forward by a domestic firm or an individual according to national lawand policy. Nonproliferation means no proliferation of WMD and their deliveryvehicles of WMD. Therefore, Nonproliferation export control is the export controlaimed for nonproliferation of WMD and its vehicles. The US export control has along history. It has its characteristic and has established maturity mechanism in lawsystem, license system, operation agency and the relations with international relevantorganizations. It is very important for us to study the US export control. This Thesiswill study the following problems: what is the mechanism of the US nonproliferationexport control? how are its process and effect? After the analysis of these problems,the end of the thesis will explore the essence and development current in the future ofthe US export control.With the disaggregation of the USSR and the end of cold war, thesecurity environment of the US changed deeply. The 9·11 accident madethe US to wake up to the fact that the huge probability of using WMD byterrorists made the US security environment more complex. Preventing theproliferation of WMD has become one important aspect of the US nationalsecurity strategy. As the main means of anti-proliferation, exportcontrol is very important. Therefore, the US mapped out a set of law andregulation of export control and promoted the function of the departmentwhich executes the law as well as ceaselessly put forward detailed controllist.The US export control policy is different from different period ofhistory. During the period of cold war, the US mainly controlled the tradewith Soviet Union and other communism countries. After the cold war, theUS export control policy transferred from communism country to preventingthe proliferation of WMD, namely, nonproliferation. When PresidentClinton assumed the reins of government, the US reformed the previousexport control policy and made the policy looser and more effective. Thisaction also raised the dispute among domestic relevant persons.The US juristic framework of export control mainly has two sections:munitions and dual-use items. Munitions are mainly managed by Departmentof defense. Dual-use items are mainly managed by Department of Commerce.The US control lists are divided into two parts: commodity control listand munitions control list. The US Department of Commerce and customschiefly execute the export control policy. The government gives outreachto the tipstaffs from different agencies. The US lawyer offices, tradeassociations and consultation companies offer seminars to industries.There are several reasons for the US government to promote export controlpolicy: to maintain national security and promote diplomatic policy;the tool fordomestic political fight;the tool to intervene the domestic affairs of other countries;the tool to unite the west alliance and keep away non-western countries;to prevent thetechnological progress of underdeveloped countries. Although the US export controlsystem is self-contained and its institute is all-sided, there are many elements limitedthe US actions. These elements are mainly from international multi-lateralorganizations and the domestic problems. The economic globalization brings newchallenges to the execution of the US export control in which catch-allprinciple and intangible technology transfer are two biggest challenges.For the sake of commercial interests and national security, the US export controlpolicy will continually be adjusted and the US will strengthen the internationalcooperation. The developing current of the US export control in the futureis as the following: first, the US will loose the control of dual-use items,especially the pure commercial technology;second, The US will continueto reinforce its control on the dual-use items and technology which maybe used as munitions or is strategically important;third, the US willreform the relevant law or regulation in order to promote efficiency.In sum, compared with other states in the world, the US export controlsystem is very mature. So, we should understand the mechanism, processand its influence of the US nonproliferation export control roundly. Itis significant for us to research the export control situation of othercountries and promote the export control level of our country.