Study On Technological Innovation Of Multinational Company

This paper-- is the doctoral dissertation for my study on world economics in Northeast Asian Studies Academy of Jilin University, which was supervised by my mentor, Prof. Li Yutan, who is the dean of NASA. By reading a great deal of reference literature, I have thought out that the foregone of domestic and foreign research is focused on three aspects below:(1)the FDI of multinational company(because the most prominent characteristic of multinational company is large foreign investment);(2)the R&D pattern of multinational company(one of the biggest superority of multinational company is the ability of R&D);(3)the investment fields of multinational company, the radiancy and influence for domestic enterprises and the promoting effects for industries in China(the region choice of developed countries have been entered into developing countries, China is the largest rising market and the attraction for developed countries exceeds any other developing countries). But the research on technological innovation mechanism and management pattern of multinational company is little. This dissertation cuts in by the combination of technological innovation economics and management of multinational company, and its masterstroke is researching on technological innovation mechanism, the foundation is the technological innovation and multinational company theory, the keystones are technological innovation mechanism and management pattern of multinational company, and the cases are Panasonic, Philips, IBM, Daimler-Benz, ect. Then the dissertation uses the successful experiences of foreign countries, links with the situation of our motherland, probes into the development routes and suggests the policies and measures of technological innovation for domestic large-sized enterprise groups. The dissertation mostly relys on two big theory systems: one is technological innovation theory, and the other is multinational company theory. In the technological innovation theory, it starts on the innovation promoting economy increasing of J.A.Schumpeter. Based on this, the dissertation has chosen the evolvement economics theory which can explain that the ways of technology changes influencing innovation courses better, and reckons that technology development is a dynamic process, which takes on characteristics of technological contrails, and the specific situation of one enterprise has acute influence on the subsequent development(Relying On Routes). In the course of growing-up and expansion, it is more than 100 years of appearance and development of multinational company that the technological ability and the range of global innovation of multinational company both have distinct evolutive process. Therefore, the explanation of innovation in evolution economics can analyze the technological innovation mechanism of multinational company very well. In the multinational company theory, the dissertation measures off two systems, one is multinational company international investment theorysystem, which is very mature nowadays and has formed monopoly predominance theory, product lifecycle theory, international production compromise theory and interior theory. These theories is effective on interpreting the FDI motives, region choice and behavior ways of multinational company, but it is insufficiency on explaining the technological innovation of multinational company. Hence, the dissertation, combining with the analysis evolution economics frame and being at the angle of two important decision-makings, researches on multinational company how to look for science and technology basement, market, humane resource, nature resource and other factors, which are essential for innovation and establishing innovation patterns which fit to the characteristics of motherland and companies through developing by themselves and the dual processes of terrain expanding(from one country to multination and to the whole world) and industries expanding(multicell development) in the technological evolution and industries development. The other is organization theory of multinational company, which can explain the technological innovation management of multinational company, including global R&D organization pattern, strategy alliance, and so on. Technological innovation theory and the correlating theories of multinational company make up of the footstones of the dissertation together. After establishing the theory basement, the dissertation emphasizes on the analysis and research on technological innovation mechanism and management pattern of Multinational company. Because of the self-born characteristics of themselves, Multinational company has many differences from other large, medium-sized and small enterprises, especially in the technological innovation mechanism and management patterns. Therefore, itmakes great efforts to disclose the interior disciplines and essentials. The technological innovation mechanism of multinational company.(1)Because multinational companies, which have evolved from the large-sized enterprises in all over the world, accumulate acknowledge and craftsmanship and their ability of grasping technological routes is stronger than medium-sized and small companies and the success of innovation is more possible, they often behave particular ability.(2)Looking for innovation sources by making use of global net, numerous regions and fields is the main impetus of the global R&D of multinational company.(3)R&D of multinational company has prominent national and industrial attribute.(4)The region and field choice of technological innovation of multinational company of American, Japan and Europe, which are called "Three Poles", is the most representative.(5)The strategy choice of technological innovation of multinational company consists of constructing the cooperative effects in the different cells of multinational company, confirming the appropriate technological diffusion strategies, confirming the center of international production net, confirming the collocation of innovation resources by trade cost. The technological innovation management pattern of multinational company.(1)The technological innovation process management commonly comprises three phases: acquiring the innovation resources, organizing the innovation resources and collocating the innovation fruits again.(2)After several decades'development, the technological innovation of multinational company has formed five sorts of organization management patterns: motherland central muster R&D pattern, geography central muster R&D pattern, multicentral disperse R&D pattern, axes R&D pattern and networkR&D pattern.(3)The technological innovation factor management mostly involves humane resources, knowledge, supply chains,ect.(4)Reinforcing the technological innovation environment management and providing the favorable environment, which is one of the basic functions of the supervisor of multinational company. In the following, the dissertation summarizes technological innovation mechanism and management pattern of multinational company of different countries and industries aiming at different R&D patterns, such as the motherland central muster R&D pattern of Panasonic, the local innovation management pattern of Philips because of disperse customer of more than 100 years, the multinational innovation pattern of Erisson, P&G and NEC. Besides researching on these several kinds of R&D patterns, it also researches on the innovation strategies of IBM, National, Nokia, Daimler-Benz,and so forth that make use of global network and dummy organization to acquire innovation resources and abilities, which verifies the common rule of technological innovation mechanism and management pattern of Multinational company what has been described in the front. At last, based on the theoretic analysis, mechanism and management pattern analysis and representative case analysis, through summing up, teasing, agglomerating, upgrading, especially using the successful experience of the technological innovation of multinational company of foreign countries for reference, on one hand, the dissertation suggests the development brainchild for the technological innovation of large-sized enterprise groups of our country, on the other hand, it brings forward the policy advices for promoting the technological innovation and development of large-sized enterprise groups of our country.