The Study Of Management Paradigm

Since Frederick Winslow Taylor's Scientific Management theory, enterprise management discipline has built up for more than 100 years. Comparing with other social sciences, the management's research has reflected a rapid development and innovation. From Scientific Management theory to "the Management Theory Jungle", this discipline's development pattern also behaves a transition from paradigm establishment and stabilization to paradigm competition. The author has paid mass of attention on researching and analyzing the procedure of enterprise management thought development from paradigm aspect, and seek the historical logic of the evolution of management thought.Methodology of demonstration was used in this paper, and history of development of the management knowledge was overviewed from the mode of social mental capacity, as well as the subtle analysis of concrete development of management knowledge in the aspect of logical positivism. In details, first, the evolution process was subdivided according to the theory of paradigm. Second, the relationship of right of enterprises was described by using the theory of firm and of he theory of stakeholder corporation. And finally, the relationship of connection of right of different enterprises and different theories paradigm was discussed under the restriction of "relativism" and "knowledge/power". The importance of the search was not the introduction of different management ideology, but the expatiation of mechanism of the evolution of management ideology - how the management knowledge in history was developed, and how was it recognized as knowledge.The establishment of the theory of scientific management by Taylor after the colligation of the management experience of English and American enterprises throughout the 19th and related experiment research is the symbol of the establishment of the discipline of management , as well as the management theory Paradigm. In the process, the popularization of part principal-agent enterprisesinstitution and emergence of professional agent in the late 19th in West as an evolution of the relation of social power , had crucial role in the division of discipline of management and others.The subject of management was first emerged as a discipline technique, and was knowledge about power technique. From the beginning of classical management theory paradigm, there was research outcomes that can be followed. The extension of research can be refined, and ideas about the questions of research methods, the adaptation of solving methods and metaphysics was agreed, and sociological characters as described by the theory of Paradigm was emerged. Seeing from the sequential development, it can be concluded that ideas about management knowledge is not only the accumulation of knowledge, but the process of mutual action of "knowledge/power". Management ideology is highly related to the enterprises power relation at certain social production way, and alteration in the relation of enterprise power will lead to the development of new management ideology.From 19th century to the decades before World War II, with the popularity of part principal-agent enterprises institution, the development of management was in a relatively stable stage. In this stage the main theory of enterprises management essentially followed the classic theoretical paradigm established by scientific management theory. With part principal-agent furthering to the whole principal-agent enterprise institution in western country the paradigm of conduct scientific theory stimulated the mechanism of restraining agent actions to shape in historical condition when it was not popularized by the matching of residual rights of control and residual claim and the external competition mechanism on the managers factor market. With the complete popularity of the whole principal-agent enterprises institution in the 1950s, its competitive position with classic management paradigm was established and to begin with it, management has developed to a stage of competition of paradigm.After the war, the environment in and out enterprises had new changes which gave new requirement to management and research, the development of professional agent markets tended to more perfectly; western stock company show the features ofdiversity of stockholders, the minimizing and dispersing of stock rights and macroscopic centralizing, in this background, the paradigm of planning management theory paradigm was able to be shaped. Its feature is using the process, decision and operation tactics of management as research objects to focus on the practice and application by eliminating humanistic hypothesis and utilizing reasonable natural scientific research methods.After 1980s, the success of businesses in Japan promoted management experts to pay more attention to the East. During the process of western enterprises learning Japanese experience, the paradigm of business cultural theory which derivate paradigm the right connection of special "family" principle in Japanese business. It shows a hiding mechanism of the coordination and balance of benefits. In the background of western structure of corporate governance changes in 1980s, the interpretive community of management academic began to summarize the practice experience of Japanese management theoretically and shape the paradigm of enterprises culture theory.Until the 1990s, with the coming of the knowledge and information economic as well as the global completion, the changing rate of the world has become faster and faster. For the demanding of the development of the modern society, a clear and wide direction to develop is required for an enterprise that can contumaciously adapt itself to the changing of a customer's need and the appearance of new competition challenges and new chances. It was promoted that the management philosophy "to seek the correct" was changed to the words "to seek the flexibility". To solve this problem , "studying" is the most effective means, so studying has become the core point in an enterprise, the staffs are considered as producers to produce knowledge and information rather than salary paying stratum that can easily be instead of as well as the key capital rather than decreasing capital. A new management theory paradigm is shaping. The basis character is, the demarcation line of the power and responsibility is replaced by the relation of studding and requiring and the structure of the organization is replaced by the structure of studying organization that is more netted flat and flexibility. To realize this changing a thoroughgoing revolution is required.The studying organization theory constitute a prospect target of the revolution, the BPR supplied specific tools and method for the revolution, and the knowledge management theory supplies the specific management model and means after the revolution.The present situation of the management course's development that appears after the war and is characterized by the competition model is relational to the diversity of the production fashion and the diversity of the structure of corporate governance in the way of the development of the society capacity as well as the faction of the interpretive community with the development of the human society, the production fashion and the structure of corporate governance will be assimilated and the management completion model will be changed, the development of the future management science will one day go out of the "forest".