Study On Modern Agricultural Logistics In China

Through more than 20years'development from the implementation of household contract responsibility system to the present, the agriculture is now on the stage that much attention should be paid to the saving of factors and the optimization of factors allocation in China. Especially, after China's joining WTO, native agriculture has faced tthe competition of domestic markets and abroad markets. The contradiction betweenfarmer household small-sized production and big market is becoming more and more noticeable. The problems on agriculture, rural areas and peasants, have become the important influence factors of national economy development. At the 16^th National Party Congress, an issue was pointed out clearly that the great tasks of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects are to balance the economic and social development in both urban and rural areas, to build modern agriculture, to develop the rural economy and to increase peasants' income. At the Fifth plenary Session of the 16^th Central Committee, building socialist new village had been regarded as the focal point of all works. With the economic globalization and informationalization, the issues of how to solve the problems on agriculture, rural areas and peasants and to realize prosperous society, hve been proposed. Practices in the developed countries or areas make it clear that making full use of modern logistics techniques to strengthen agricultural management, can reduce agricultural production and circulation cost, improve agricultural operation efficiency and quality, achieve the goal of rising in value, raising competitiveness and increasing income. Therefore, to make major efforts to developing modern agricultural logistics is the effective way to solve problems on agriculture, rural areas and peasants and realize prosperous society.The research on modern logistics is one of the hot fields in academic circles. As an important part of modern logistics, the research on modern agricultural logistics should be promoted to strategic position. It's a pity that the achievements in modern agricultural logistics are lacking and scattered, which are stagnating in compilation of material or can be seen in some relative books. Therefore, a systematic and in-depth study turns out to be a sole point of departure and potential of the dissertation.The dissertation, according to the real conditions of China, discusses the development of modern agricultural logistics, based on the commodity circulation theory, the transaction cost theory, the sustainable development theory and by means of system theory. Accordingly, on the basis of drawing on the experience of developed countries and absorbing previous research achievements, from the view of general theory of modern agricultural logistics, this dissertation deeply observed the history and status quo of Chinese agricultural logistics;from the influence factors of modern agricultural logistics, to discuss the developing patterns of modem agricultural logistics, the design of modem agricultural logistics and the organizational innovation in China;from theinterrelationship between government, industrial institutions and enterprises, to propose corresponding advices and countermeasures to accelerate the development of Chinese modem agricultural logistics.The main contents and opinions discussed in the dissertation are listed as follows:(1) General theory of modem agricultural logisticsThe so-called modern agricultural logistics refers to an entire procedure of means of agriculture production and farm products being supplied from a supply place to a consumption place and of effective flow of relevant information. As an important part of the whole society logistics, it has the function of realizing farm products' value and use value, rising in value, raising competitiveness and adjusting demand.(2) Reference from other countries on modem agricultural logisticsIn United States, agriculture cooperative is the main form that farmers participate in agricultural logistics. American coordinated and efficient agricultural logistics lies in its developed infrastructure, perfect agricultural information system and socialization system, effective macro adjustments and controls. In Japan, the farm products terminal market is main channel and the peasant association is the organizer in the course of modem agricultural logistics. Moreover, Japanese law system of modern agricultural logistics is fairly perfect, hi Netherlands, transport system is highly developed. Agriculture cooperative and farm products auction market play an important role in modem agricultural logistics. The system of farm products quality safety management and cold-chain logistics are perfect. The supply chain of virtual agricultural logistics has formed. The level of agriculture education and research is high. We can draw the following inspirations from developed countries on modern agricultural logistics: to strengthen the main body of agricultural logistics;to quicken the construction of agricultural logistics infrastructure;to bring up the function of government's adjustment and control;to develop farm products proceeding industries;to strengthen the research and use of logistics techniques;to build high lever agricultural logistics centers;to perfect the management system of agricultural products' quality safety;to strengthen the education and training.(3) History and status quo of agricultural logisticsThe development of agricultural logistics in China goes through planed economy stage, reform and opening stage. Since reform and opening, most markets of agricultural materials and farm products have been opened step by step. Chinese agricultural logistics has achieved quickerdevelopment. But on the whole, it is still very backward and at the stage of beginning. It is expressed in following points in prominent way: high costs of agricultural logistics;low level of techniques, equipment, standardization and informationalization;weak ability of proceeding increment;lack of talents on agricultural logistics;imperfect system of policy and law.(4) Influence factors analysis of modem agricultural logisticsThis part details on analyses of some influence factors of modem agricultural logistics, such as geographical factor, economic factor, management and system factor, science and technology factor and comprehensive human culture factor. Accordingly, the author arranges 16 influence factors in the order of importance by the method of AHP.(5) Developing patterns of modem agricultural logisticsThe developing patterns concern agricultural logistics' efficiency and benefit. Drawing on the experience of developed countries and combining specific national conditions, from the perspective of system ideas and sustainable development, we put forward the main developing patterns of modem agricultural logistics in future, including supply-chain integrity mode, medium organization mode, the third-party agricultural logistics, alliance of agricultural logistics, joint point - tie- net mode and electronic virtual supply-chain mode.(6) Construction of modem agricultural logistics systemThe construction of modern agricultural logistics system is a complicated system project. On the basis of comment on existing agricultural logistics system in China as a whole, from the perspective of system ideas and market demand, the author design the system of modern agricultural logistics. The focal points of design are reform of agricultural logistics management system, cultivation of the main body of agricultural logistics, construction of agricultural logistics information system and standardization, integration of agricultural logistics resources.(7) Organization innovation of modern agricultural logisticsEffective organization is the key to modern agricultural logistics development. The final goal of organization innovation of agricultural logistics in China is to accomplish its rationalization. The part analyses characteristics and evolution of agricultural logistics organization, determines innovation goal of agricultural logistics organization, discusses emphatically the innovation conception of farm products terminal market, peasant cooperative organization, agriculture integrity organization, traditional storage and transport enterprises, agricultural logistics alliance.(8) Countermeasures and suggestions of how to develop modern agricultural logisticsIn order to develop modem agricultural logistics, it is not enough to depend on one party's efforts. For this reason, it is necessity to push from various levels. The government should strengthen the function of macro adjustment and control. The industrial institutions should be brought into coordinated play. The micro main bodies should strengthen its construction.Because modem logistics in China is on beginning stage, the research on modern agricultural logistics is weak and not systematic. The dissertation attaches more systematic studies on theory and practice to modem agricultural logistics. This could further enrich and enliven theory of modern agricultural logistics, promote people's understanding of characteristics of modern agricultural logistics system in knowledge economy era, provide scientific basis for government's policy decision and provide theory and practice reference for enterprises and personage relative toagricultural logistics.